What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?

Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.

Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?

A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.

What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?

Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.

What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?

A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.

How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?

Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.

Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?

Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.

Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?

Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.

A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?

Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.

A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?

Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.

Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?

To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.

What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?

The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.

How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?

They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.

What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?

Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.

What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?

The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.

Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?

Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.

How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?

A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.

How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?

A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.

What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?

Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.

How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?

A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.

Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?

Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.

What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?

It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.

How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?

They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.

What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?

A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.

What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?

Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.

How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?

GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.

Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?

Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.

What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?

Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.

A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?

Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.

How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?

Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.

What does mobile device management provide?

Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.

How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?

Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.

What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?

Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.

Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?

Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.

When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?

When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.

What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?

It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.

How do TCP and UDP differ?

TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.

Which ports are associated with classic FTP?

TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.

Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?

TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.

Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?

TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.

Which port does DNS use?

Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.

Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?

UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.

Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?

HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.

Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?

TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.

Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?

Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.

Which default port does LDAP use?

Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.

Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?

TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.

Which default port does RDP use?

TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.

Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?

TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.

Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?

TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.

How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?

802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.

What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?

A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review current CompTIA A+ V15 Core 1 and Core 2 objectives with original flashcards for hardware, networking, operating systems, security, commands, and troubleshooting.

Por el autor Open Study Contributor

Sobre este mazo

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

Review the current V15 knowledge behind both CompTIA A+ exams in one 520-card package: 270 cards for Core 1 and 250 for Core 2. The deck covers mobile devices, networking, hardware, virtualization, cloud concepts, operating systems, security, commands, software support, operational procedures, and troubleshooting.

What the cards practice

The cards connect technologies, components, protocols, commands, and common acronyms with their purposes and key behavior. Separate retrieval prompts also work in the useful opposite direction: a technician task or requirement points to the right tool, setting, command, connector, or protocol. Short support scenarios ask for a likely cause, the first useful check, or the next corrective action. Ordered workflows are practiced only when the order matters on the job.

The deck does not mechanically reverse every fact or turn every source bullet into a card. It leaves out low-value acronym production, giant list prompts, unstable click paths, advanced material beyond the V15 entry-level boundary, and near-duplicate wording made only to increase the count.

Learning order

Core 1 starts with mobile hardware and connections, then builds through networking, physical hardware, virtualization, and cloud concepts before applying them to hardware and network troubleshooting. Core 2 moves from operating-system foundations into tools, commands, configuration, security, software troubleshooting, and day-to-day support operations. Inside each topic, recognition comes before selection and short diagnosis. Related forward and reverse cards are kept apart so one prompt does not give away the next.

Labs and PBQs

Flashcards are useful for recall and compact scenario decisions. They do not reproduce hands-on labs, performance-based questions, live command output, or the pressure and ambiguity of the certification exams. Use a real machine, lab environment, and lawful practice tests alongside this deck for installation, configuration, repair, and PBQ-style work.

Scope, provenance, and reuse

The live CompTIA Core 1 and Core 2 V15 pages and the current version 4.0 objective PDFs were reviewed on September 1, 2026. Both PDFs were last modified on November 25, 2025. They were used only to check the exam version, domain boundaries, weighting, and technical scope. Common technical facts are explained in original language and organized for retrieval practice. Public overview pages from three study tools were compared only for structure and learner expectations; their cards, questions, examples, explanations, and course text were not drafting input.

The Common knowledge · CC0 1.0 label applies to the deck’s original prompts, answers, organization, metadata, and generated cover to the extent applicable rights exist. It does not claim ownership of technical facts, CompTIA names, or third-party source material.

This deck is independently authored and unofficial. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by CompTIA, Inc., and it uses no CompTIA logo or official trade dress.

No CompTIA exam questions, answers, performance-based questions, mark schemes, or objective wording were copied.

Current official requirements: Core 1 V15 (220-1201), Core 1 objectives PDF, Core 2 V15 (220-1202), and Core 2 objectives PDF.

Tarjetas de este mazo

Tarjeta 1
Pregunta
What is the safe response to a swollen mobile-device battery?
Respuesta
Power the device off, disconnect external power, and isolate it for approved battery service. Don't charge, puncture, press, or keep using the battery.
Tarjeta 2
Pregunta
Which RAM form factor is common in serviceable laptops?
Respuesta
A SO-DIMM. Match its DDR generation, capacity support, and other platform requirements before installation.
Tarjeta 3
Pregunta
What should you confirm before replacing laptop keys or a keyboard?
Respuesta
Confirm the model's replaceable unit and service procedure. Some keys are individually serviceable; other designs require the keyboard or full top case.
Tarjeta 4
Pregunta
What protects data during a laptop HDD or SSD replacement?
Respuesta
A verified backup and migration plan. Also match the replacement drive's interface, form factor, and supported capacity.
Tarjeta 5
Pregunta
How should tiny antenna leads be handled during wireless-card service?
Respuesta
Label their positions, lift each connector straight up with the proper tool, and reconnect it to the marked terminal. Pulling the wire can damage the lead.
Tarjeta 6
Pregunta
Which built-in laptop components commonly provide physical privacy or identity checks?
Respuesta
Components such as fingerprint or facial-recognition hardware and near-field credential readers. Their firmware, drivers, permissions, and enrollment must all support the feature.
Tarjeta 7
Pregunta
Why does Wi-Fi antenna placement matter after a laptop repair?
Respuesta
Correct routing and terminal placement preserve signal quality. A pinched cable, loose connector, or swapped main/aux lead can weaken wireless performance.
Tarjeta 8
Pregunta
A replacement laptop camera has no image. What should you check before replacing it again?
Respuesta
Check its internal cable, privacy shutter or switch, firmware detection, driver, and app permission. A hardware replacement won't fix a blocked camera setting.
Tarjeta 9
Pregunta
A built-in mobile-device microphone is silent. What should you check first?
Respuesta
Check the selected input, mute state, app permission, and microphone opening. Then inspect the internal connection if every app fails.
Tarjeta 10
Pregunta
Why disconnect the internal battery before replacing laptop RAM, storage, or a display assembly?
Respuesta
To remove standby power from the board and reduce short-circuit risk. Follow the model's shutdown and battery-disconnection procedure.
Tarjeta 11
Pregunta
What should guide any field replacement inside a thin mobile device?
Respuesta
The manufacturer's service instructions, warranty terms, and ESD precautions. Adhesives, hidden cables, and replaceable assemblies vary by model.
Tarjeta 12
Pregunta
How do USB-C, microUSB, and miniUSB differ?
Respuesta
They are different connector shapes. USB-C is reversible; microUSB and miniUSB are older keyed designs, and none of the shapes alone guarantees a data speed.
Tarjeta 13
Pregunta
What can a laptop docking station add through one host connection?
Respuesta
Power, displays, networking, storage, and peripheral ports. The host, dock, cable, and software must support the promised features.
Tarjeta 14
Pregunta
What must match for a stylus to support pressure or precision input?
Respuesta
The stylus technology and the device's digitizer. A generic capacitive stylus may act like a finger but can't add unsupported active-pen features.
Tarjeta 15
Pregunta
Which connector is associated with many older Apple mobile devices?
Respuesta
Lightning. Match the cable to the actual model because newer Apple devices may use USB-C.
Tarjeta 16
Pregunta
How do a headset, external speaker, and webcam extend a mobile workstation?
Respuesta
A headset adds private audio input/output, a speaker adds room audio, and a webcam adds video input. Select each one in the app after connecting it.
Tarjeta 17
Pregunta
How do a trackpad, drawing pad, and trackpoint differ?
Respuesta
A trackpad senses finger gestures, a drawing pad captures pen input, and a trackpoint moves the pointer from a small keyboard-mounted stick.
Tarjeta 18
Pregunta
What is NFC commonly used for on a mobile device?
Respuesta
Very short-range exchanges such as tap-to-pay, credential reading, or quick pairing. Its short working distance supports deliberate tap-style use.
Tarjeta 19
Pregunta
How is a port replicator different from a full docking station?
Respuesta
A port replicator mainly exposes additional connectors; a dock commonly adds broader capabilities such as charging, displays, or networking. Verify the product's actual feature list.
Tarjeta 20
Pregunta
Which connection is the usual choice for nearby mobile headsets and keyboards?
Respuesta
Bluetooth. It provides short-range wireless accessory links with relatively low power use.
Tarjeta 21
Pregunta
What does mobile tethering or hotspot mode do?
Respuesta
It shares the device's internet connection with another client, commonly over Wi-Fi, USB, or Bluetooth. The carrier plan may limit tethering or data use.
Tarjeta 22
Pregunta
How do 3G, 4G, and 5G relate on a mobile device?
Respuesta
They are cellular network generations. Newer generations can offer more capacity or lower latency, but the device, SIM or eSIM, plan, coverage, and local network determine service.
Tarjeta 23
Pregunta
What is the practical difference between a SIM and an eSIM?
Respuesta
A SIM is a removable identity module; an eSIM stores a carrier profile in embedded hardware. Both associate the device with cellular service.
Tarjeta 24
Pregunta
What sequence pairs a Bluetooth accessory safely?
Respuesta
Enable Bluetooth, put the accessory in pairing mode, select the intended device, confirm any PIN or code, and test the connection.
Tarjeta 25
Pregunta
How do GPS and cellular location services complement each other?
Respuesta
GPS derives position from satellites, while cellular and nearby-network data can speed or assist location. App permission and device settings control access.
Tarjeta 26
Pregunta
Which radios should you check when a phone has neither local Wi-Fi nor wide-area data?
Respuesta
Check Wi-Fi and cellular data separately, along with airplane mode. One radio can be disabled while the other remains available.
Tarjeta 27
Pregunta
What should you verify when adding mail to a mobile device?
Respuesta
Verify the account, credentials, incoming and outgoing server settings, security method, and network access. A correct password can't repair a wrong server setting.
Tarjeta 28
Pregunta
A phone can browse on Wi-Fi but not through its hotspot. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check that hotspot service is enabled, cellular data works, the plan permits tethering, and the client has the correct hotspot password.
Tarjeta 29
Pregunta
How should you test a newly configured mobile connection?
Respuesta
Test the intended path and service: join the correct network or carrier, verify addressing or signal, then open the required app or destination.
Tarjeta 30
Pregunta
What does mobile device management provide?
Respuesta
Central enrollment, device configuration, policy enforcement, corporate-app deployment, inventory, and approved remote actions.
Tarjeta 31
Pregunta
How do corporate-owned and BYOD management profiles usually differ?
Respuesta
Corporate-owned devices normally allow broader organizational control; BYOD profiles should isolate managed work data and respect the user's personal data under policy.
Tarjeta 32
Pregunta
What should be checked when calendar, contacts, or business mail stops synchronizing?
Respuesta
Check connectivity, account sign-in, sync scope, device time, storage, and service status before removing the account.
Tarjeta 33
Pregunta
Why do data caps matter to mobile synchronization?
Respuesta
Large mail, cloud-storage, or app sync jobs can consume metered cellular data. Choose what syncs and whether Wi-Fi is required.
Tarjeta 34
Pregunta
When is an MDM remote wipe appropriate?
Respuesta
When policy authorizes removal of protected data from a lost, stolen, retired, or reassigned device. Confirm the exact device and wipe scope first.
Tarjeta 35
Pregunta
What is the point of separating corporate apps and data on a personal phone?
Respuesta
It lets the organization enforce work controls and remove managed data without treating the user's whole device as corporate property.
Tarjeta 36
Pregunta
How do TCP and UDP differ?
Respuesta
TCP provides connection-oriented, ordered, acknowledged delivery; UDP sends low-overhead datagrams without built-in ordering or retransmission.
Tarjeta 37
Pregunta
Which ports are associated with classic FTP?
Respuesta
TCP 21 carries control traffic, and TCP 20 is the traditional active-mode data port. FTP doesn't encrypt credentials or content by itself.
Tarjeta 38
Pregunta
Which default port does SSH use, and what does it provide?
Respuesta
TCP 22. SSH provides encrypted remote command-line access and related secure services.
Tarjeta 39
Pregunta
Which default port is traditionally used for SMTP server-to-server relay?
Respuesta
TCP 25. Mail clients commonly submit outgoing mail through a separate authenticated service.
Tarjeta 40
Pregunta
Which port does DNS use?
Respuesta
Port 53: usually UDP for ordinary queries and TCP when the response or operation requires it.
Tarjeta 41
Pregunta
Which ports carry DHCP client and server traffic?
Respuesta
UDP 68 for the client and UDP 67 for the server. A new client can broadcast before it has an address.
Tarjeta 42
Pregunta
Which ports distinguish HTTP from HTTPS?
Respuesta
HTTP normally uses TCP 80; HTTPS normally uses TCP 443 and protects the session with TLS.
Tarjeta 43
Pregunta
Which default port does POP3 use without TLS?
Respuesta
TCP 110. POP3 commonly downloads messages rather than synchronizing server-side folders like IMAP.
Tarjeta 44
Pregunta
Which ports are associated with NetBIOS over TCP/IP?
Respuesta
Ports 137–139. Name service commonly uses 137, datagram service 138, and session service TCP 139.
Tarjeta 45
Pregunta
Which default port does LDAP use?
Respuesta
Port 389, commonly TCP. LDAP provides directory queries and updates; protect credentials with an approved secure configuration.
Tarjeta 46
Pregunta
Which default port does SMB/CIFS commonly use?
Respuesta
TCP 445. SMB commonly carries file and printer sharing.
Tarjeta 47
Pregunta
Which default port does RDP use?
Respuesta
TCP 3389. RDP provides remote graphical access to a Windows system.
Tarjeta 48
Pregunta
Which default port does Telnet use, and why is it avoided on untrusted networks?
Respuesta
TCP 23. Telnet sends remote-terminal traffic without SSH's encryption.
Tarjeta 49
Pregunta
Which default port does IMAP use without TLS?
Respuesta
TCP 143. IMAP keeps mailbox state and folders synchronized on the server.
Tarjeta 50
Pregunta
How do common 802.11 families map to Wi-Fi bands?
Respuesta
802.11b/g use 2.4 GHz; 802.11a/ac use 5 GHz; 802.11n can use 2.4 or 5 GHz; 802.11ax can use 2.4 or 5 GHz, with Wi-Fi 6E extending it to 6 GHz.
Tarjeta 51
Pregunta
What is the tradeoff when selecting a wider Wi-Fi channel?
Respuesta
A wider channel can carry more data but occupies more spectrum and may overlap more neighbors. Use a width that clients, regulations, and local conditions support.
Tarjeta 52
Pregunta
What networking role does Bluetooth fill?
Respuesta
Short-range personal-area links for accessories and nearby devices. It trades range and throughput for convenience and relatively low power use.
Tarjeta 53
Pregunta
How do the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz Wi-Fi bands generally differ?
Respuesta
2.4 GHz usually reaches farther but is crowded; 5 GHz offers more capacity with less wall penetration; 6 GHz adds clean spectrum for compatible devices but typically has the shortest reach.
Tarjeta 54
Pregunta
How does NFC differ from general-purpose Wi-Fi?
Respuesta
NFC handles deliberate, very short-range exchanges; Wi-Fi provides a longer-range network connection with much higher throughput.
Tarjeta 55
Pregunta
What should guide Wi-Fi channel selection?
Respuesta
Local regulations, a spectrum or Wi-Fi survey, channel width, band support, interference, and neighboring use. Choose from measured conditions, then retest where users work.
Tarjeta 56
Pregunta
What is RFID used for?
Respuesta
Identifying or tracking tagged objects by radio. Readers can work with passive or powered tags at ranges set by the RFID system.
Tarjeta 57
Pregunta
What distinguishes Wi-Fi 6E from ordinary Wi-Fi 6 operation?
Respuesta
Wi-Fi 6E permits compatible 802.11ax devices to use the 6 GHz band. Both the client and access point must support that band.
Tarjeta 58
Pregunta
How do DNS and DHCP server roles differ?
Respuesta
DNS resolves names to records; DHCP leases IP configuration such as an address, mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
Tarjeta 59
Pregunta
How do file and print servers centralize shared resources?
Respuesta
A file server hosts shared data and permissions; a print server manages printer queues, drivers, and access.
Tarjeta 60
Pregunta
How do mail and web servers differ?
Respuesta
A mail server transfers or stores messages; a web server returns site or application content over HTTP or HTTPS.
Tarjeta 61
Pregunta
Why would a network use both syslog and NTP servers?
Respuesta
Syslog centralizes event messages, while NTP aligns device clocks so those events have comparable timestamps.
Tarjeta 62
Pregunta
How do AAA and database servers differ?
Respuesta
An AAA server handles authentication, authorization, and accounting; a database server stores and queries structured application data.
Tarjeta 63
Pregunta
How do a spam gateway and a proxy serve different traffic?
Respuesta
A spam gateway filters mail flow; a proxy relays client requests and may enforce filtering, logging, or caching for supported services.
Tarjeta 64
Pregunta
How do a UTM appliance and a load balancer differ?
Respuesta
A UTM combines gateway security controls; a load balancer distributes requests across service instances for capacity or availability.
Tarjeta 65
Pregunta
Why do legacy and embedded network systems need cautious support planning?
Respuesta
They may have fixed software, limited interfaces, or long service lives. Isolate them, preserve required compatibility, and change them only within vendor and operational constraints.
Tarjeta 66
Pregunta
What does SCADA monitor or control?
Respuesta
Industrial processes and equipment. Availability and physical safety requirements belong in every support decision.
Tarjeta 67
Pregunta
Why are IoT devices often placed on a separate network?
Respuesta
Segmentation limits what an outdated or compromised device can reach and makes its traffic easier to manage.
Tarjeta 68
Pregunta
Match DNS A, AAAA, CNAME, and MX records to their jobs.
Respuesta
A maps a hostname to IPv4, AAAA maps it to IPv6, CNAME aliases one hostname to another, and MX identifies a domain's mail exchangers.
Tarjeta 69
Pregunta
How do a DHCP scope and exclusion differ?
Respuesta
The scope defines the address pool and options DHCP can offer; an exclusion removes selected addresses from automatic leasing.
Tarjeta 70
Pregunta
What does a VLAN create on switched infrastructure?
Respuesta
A logical Layer 2 broadcast domain. It separates traffic without requiring a different physical switch for every segment.
Tarjeta 71
Pregunta
What does a VPN protect?
Respuesta
Traffic across an untrusted network by creating an authenticated encrypted tunnel. Endpoint security and resource permissions still matter.
Tarjeta 72
Pregunta
How do DNS TXT records support SPF, DKIM, and DMARC?
Respuesta
TXT records publish mail-policy data: SPF lists authorized senders, DKIM exposes keys for signature checks, and DMARC sets alignment policy and reporting.
Tarjeta 73
Pregunta
How do a DHCP lease and reservation differ?
Respuesta
A lease is a time-limited address assignment; a reservation consistently offers a chosen address to a specific client, usually by MAC address.
Tarjeta 74
Pregunta
How do access and trunk switch ports handle VLANs?
Respuesta
An access port normally carries one endpoint VLAN; a trunk carries tagged traffic for multiple VLANs.
Tarjeta 75
Pregunta
When would you choose a site-to-site VPN instead of a client VPN?
Respuesta
Choose site-to-site for a persistent protected link between networks; choose a client VPN for an individual endpoint connecting remotely.
Tarjeta 76
Pregunta
How do routers and Ethernet switches differ?
Respuesta
A router forwards packets between IP networks; a switch forwards local frames using learned MAC-address locations.
Tarjeta 77
Pregunta
What does a wireless access point do?
Respuesta
It bridges compatible wireless clients onto a wired LAN. Routing, DHCP, and internet access may come from other devices.
Tarjeta 78
Pregunta
What is a patch panel's role?
Respuesta
It passively terminates and organizes permanent cable runs. Patch cords connect those runs to active equipment such as switches.
Tarjeta 79
Pregunta
What is a firewall's core job?
Respuesta
It permits or blocks traffic according to security rules. Logs help explain why expected traffic was accepted or denied.
Tarjeta 80
Pregunta
How do managed and unmanaged switches differ?
Respuesta
A managed switch exposes configuration and monitoring such as VLANs; an unmanaged switch provides basic switching with little or no administration.
Tarjeta 81
Pregunta
How can PoE be supplied, and what must match?
Respuesta
A PoE switch or injector can supply it. The source standard, powered device, cable, per-port state, and total power budget must be compatible.
Tarjeta 82
Pregunta
Match cable modem, DSL modem, ONT, and NIC to their access roles.
Respuesta
Cable and DSL modems terminate coax and telephone-copper services; an ONT terminates provider fiber; a NIC connects the host and carries its physical MAC address.
Tarjeta 83
Pregunta
How do private and public IPv4 addresses differ?
Respuesta
Private ranges are used inside networks and aren't routed on the public internet; a public address is globally routable when assigned. NAT often translates between them.
Tarjeta 84
Pregunta
What does a 169.254.x.x IPv4 address usually indicate?
Respuesta
APIPA self-assignment after the host failed to obtain DHCP configuration. Check the link and path to DHCP.
Tarjeta 85
Pregunta
When should a SOHO device use static rather than dynamic IP configuration?
Respuesta
Use static or reserved addressing when a predictable endpoint is required; use DHCP for ordinary clients that can accept leased settings.
Tarjeta 86
Pregunta
What does an IPv4 subnet mask tell a host?
Respuesta
Which address bits identify the local network. The host uses it to decide whether to send directly or through a gateway.
Tarjeta 87
Pregunta
How does IPv6 addressing differ from IPv4 addressing?
Respuesta
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses; IPv4 uses 32-bit dotted-decimal addresses. Both still require correct local and routing configuration.
Tarjeta 88
Pregunta
What does a default gateway provide?
Respuesta
The next hop for destinations outside the local subnet. It is normally the local router interface for that network.
Tarjeta 89
Pregunta
How do fiber, cable, and DSL internet access differ?
Respuesta
Fiber carries light and offers high capacity; cable uses a shared coax access network; DSL carries broadband over telephone copper and depends strongly on line distance and quality.
Tarjeta 90
Pregunta
How do PAN, LAN, and WLAN differ?
Respuesta
A PAN links one person's nearby devices, a LAN serves a local site, and a WLAN is the wireless form of a local-area network.
Tarjeta 91
Pregunta
When are cellular, WISP, and satellite internet useful?
Respuesta
Cellular uses mobile coverage, a WISP uses a terrestrial provider radio link, and satellite reaches beyond many ground networks. Signal, latency, limits, and availability guide the choice.
Tarjeta 92
Pregunta
How do MAN and WAN scopes differ?
Respuesta
A MAN links sites across a city or metropolitan area; a WAN spans larger geographic distances and joins multiple networks.
Tarjeta 93
Pregunta
What is a storage area network?
Respuesta
A SAN is a dedicated network that presents shared block storage to servers. It is different from an ordinary user LAN or file share.
Tarjeta 94
Pregunta
Which tools prepare and terminate a modular copper cable?
Respuesta
A cable stripper removes the jacket; a crimper attaches a compatible modular plug. Use the intended pinout, then test the cable.
Tarjeta 95
Pregunta
How do a punchdown tool and cable tester support a permanent cable run?
Respuesta
The punchdown tool seats conductors into an IDC block; the tester checks continuity and wire-map faults after termination.
Tarjeta 96
Pregunta
How do a toner probe and loopback plug answer different network questions?
Respuesta
A tone generator and probe identify a cable's far end; a loopback plug tests whether a port can transmit and receive through its own interface.
Tarjeta 97
Pregunta
How do a Wi-Fi analyzer and network tap differ?
Respuesta
A Wi-Fi analyzer measures nearby wireless networks and channels; a network tap exposes a link's traffic to monitoring equipment without becoming the endpoint.
Tarjeta 98
Pregunta
How do IPS, TN, and VA LCD panels generally differ?
Respuesta
IPS favors color consistency and viewing angles, TN favors fast response at low cost, and VA favors contrast. Actual panel quality still varies.
Tarjeta 99
Pregunta
How do OLED and Mini-LED displays produce light?
Respuesta
OLED pixels emit their own light; Mini-LED is an LCD that uses many small backlight zones. OLED can show deep blacks, while Mini-LED can reach high brightness without organic pixels.
Tarjeta 100
Pregunta
What does a touchscreen digitizer do?
Respuesta
It detects touch or compatible stylus position. The display creates the image; the digitizer reports input coordinates.
Tarjeta 101
Pregunta
What does an inverter do in an older LCD backlight system?
Respuesta
It converts power for the fluorescent backlight. Modern LED-backlit panels use different driver electronics.
Tarjeta 102
Pregunta
How do screen resolution and pixel density differ?
Respuesta
Resolution is the number of addressable pixels; pixel density is how tightly those pixels fit in a physical area. Both affect perceived detail.
Tarjeta 103
Pregunta
What do refresh rate and color gamut describe?
Respuesta
Refresh rate is how often the image can update each second; color gamut is the range of colors the display can reproduce.
Tarjeta 104
Pregunta
How do Cat 5e, Cat 6, and Cat 6A Ethernet cable capabilities compare?
Respuesta
Cat 5e commonly supports 1 Gb/s to 100 m; Cat 6 improves noise performance and can support 10 Gb/s on shorter runs; Cat 6A is designed for 10 Gb/s to 100 m.
Tarjeta 105
Pregunta
How do HDMI and DisplayPort fit typical display setups?
Respuesta
Both carry digital video and audio. HDMI is common on TVs and consumer equipment; DisplayPort is common on PCs and monitors, with features set by the negotiated versions.
Tarjeta 106
Pregunta
What is the practical difference between T568A and T568B terminations?
Respuesta
They place the green and orange pairs in different pin positions. Use one recognized scheme consistently at both plug and punchdown-block terminations for a normal straight-through run.
Tarjeta 107
Pregunta
Which cable ratings suit EMI, outdoor burial, and air-handling spaces?
Respuesta
Unshielded twisted pair suits ordinary low-interference runs, shielded twisted pair helps with EMI, direct-burial cable resists outdoor moisture, and plenum-rated cable limits flame spread and smoke in plenum spaces.
Tarjeta 108
Pregunta
Match RJ11, RJ45, and F-type connectors to common cabling.
Respuesta
RJ11 is commonly used for telephone wiring, the 8P8C connector called RJ45 for twisted-pair Ethernet, and F-type for threaded coax connections.
Tarjeta 109
Pregunta
How do DVI and VGA differ?
Respuesta
DVI variants may carry digital video, analog video, or both; VGA carries analog video through a 15-pin D-sub connector.
Tarjeta 110
Pregunta
How do single-mode and multimode fiber differ, and which connectors may terminate them?
Respuesta
Single-mode uses a small core for long links; multimode uses a larger core for shorter links. ST, SC, and LC are connector styles that must match the link hardware and fiber type.
Tarjeta 111
Pregunta
What should you infer from USB 2.0, USB 3.x, microUSB, miniUSB, USB-C, and Lightning labels?
Respuesta
USB 2.0 and 3.x describe protocol capabilities. MicroUSB, miniUSB, and USB-C are USB connector families; Lightning is a separate Apple connector. Plug shape alone doesn't guarantee speed or video support.
Tarjeta 112
Pregunta
How do SATA, eSATA, and Molex relate to storage connections?
Respuesta
SATA carries internal drive data, eSATA extends SATA to an external connector, and a Molex plug is a legacy power connector. Data and power paths are separate.
Tarjeta 113
Pregunta
Which legacy peripheral link commonly uses a DB9 connector?
Respuesta
A serial connection such as RS-232. It sends data sequentially and is still used for some console and industrial equipment.
Tarjeta 114
Pregunta
When does a cable adapter need active electronics?
Respuesta
When the source and destination use different signaling, not just different plug shapes. A passive adapter only changes compatible wiring; an active adapter converts the signal.
Tarjeta 115
Pregunta
Where are DIMM and SO-DIMM modules normally used?
Respuesta
Full-size DIMMs normally fit desktop or server boards; shorter SO-DIMMs fit many laptops and compact systems.
Tarjeta 116
Pregunta
Why doesn't every USB-C cable provide Thunderbolt or display output?
Respuesta
USB-C names the connector. Thunderbolt, USB speed, charging level, and video alternate modes require matching support from the port, cable, and device.
Tarjeta 117
Pregunta
Can one DDR memory generation be installed in another generation's slot?
Respuesta
No. DDR generations use different electrical designs and keying, so the module must match the motherboard.
Tarjeta 118
Pregunta
How does ECC RAM differ from non-ECC RAM?
Respuesta
ECC can detect and correct certain memory errors; non-ECC lacks that protection. The CPU and motherboard must support ECC.
Tarjeta 119
Pregunta
What does a dual- or multi-channel memory configuration require?
Respuesta
Compatible modules installed in the motherboard's paired channel slots. The board manual identifies the correct population order.
Tarjeta 120
Pregunta
What happens when compatible RAM modules have different rated speeds?
Respuesta
They normally operate at a mutually supported speed, often the slower module's rate. Platform and firmware limits can reduce it further.
Tarjeta 121
Pregunta
What limits a system's usable RAM capacity?
Respuesta
The CPU memory controller, motherboard, firmware, operating system, and supported module layout. Check the platform documentation before buying modules.
Tarjeta 122
Pregunta
How do RAID 0 and RAID 1 trade capacity for protection?
Respuesta
RAID 0 stripes data for capacity and performance but has no redundancy; RAID 1 mirrors data and can survive one member failure.
Tarjeta 123
Pregunta
How do 2.5-inch and 3.5-inch HDDs, spindle speed, and workload affect a drive choice?
Respuesta
The bay and interface must fit the form factor; faster spindle speed can improve access but adds heat, noise, and power use. Workload and capacity still matter.
Tarjeta 124
Pregunta
How do SATA SSDs and NVMe SSDs communicate?
Respuesta
A SATA SSD uses the SATA storage interface; an NVMe SSD uses PCIe for lower-latency flash access. The slot and firmware must support the selected signaling.
Tarjeta 125
Pregunta
Which removable media suit portable files, camera storage, and optical archives?
Respuesta
USB flash drives suit general transfers, memory cards suit compact devices such as cameras, and optical discs require a drive that supports the disc format.
Tarjeta 126
Pregunta
How do RAID 5 and RAID 6 differ?
Respuesta
RAID 5 needs at least three drives and tolerates one member failure; RAID 6 needs at least four and uses dual parity to tolerate two.
Tarjeta 127
Pregunta
What distinguishes SAS from SATA storage?
Respuesta
SAS is an enterprise-oriented serial SCSI interface with features such as dual-port support; SATA is common in client storage. The drive and controller interface must match.
Tarjeta 128
Pregunta
How do M.2 and mSATA differ?
Respuesta
M.2 is a keyed form-factor family that may carry SATA or PCIe/NVMe; mSATA is an older compact form factor that carries SATA signaling.
Tarjeta 129
Pregunta
When is an SSD preferable to an HDD?
Respuesta
Choose an SSD for low-latency, shock-resistant storage; choose an HDD when low-cost bulk capacity matters more. Neither removes the need for backup.
Tarjeta 130
Pregunta
How do ATX, microATX, and Mini-ITX motherboard form factors affect a build?
Respuesta
They differ in board size, mounting layout, and typical expansion capacity. The case, power supply, and required slots must fit the board.
Tarjeta 131
Pregunta
Match common motherboard connectors to their jobs.
Respuesta
PCI and PCIe host expansion cards; SATA and eSATA carry storage data; M.2 hosts compact devices; headers connect case features; power connectors feed the board and CPU.
Tarjeta 132
Pregunta
What does RAID 10 provide?
Respuesta
Striping across mirrored pairs, normally using at least four drives. It combines performance with redundancy, but surviving multiple failures depends on which members fail.
Tarjeta 133
Pregunta
What must match before installing an AMD or Intel CPU?
Respuesta
The CPU socket, chipset, firmware, and thermal design must support that exact processor. Multisocket boards also require a supported processor combination.
Tarjeta 134
Pregunta
Which UEFI settings commonly control startup and hardware access?
Respuesta
Boot order, removable-media boot, USB permissions, fan behavior, temperature monitoring, and virtualization support. Change only the setting required for the task.
Tarjeta 135
Pregunta
How do Secure Boot, a boot password, and a firmware setup password differ?
Respuesta
Secure Boot verifies trusted boot software; a boot password challenges startup; a setup password restricts firmware changes.
Tarjeta 136
Pregunta
How do x86, x64, and ARM CPU architectures affect compatibility?
Respuesta
They use different instruction-set families; x86 is 32-bit, x64 extends that family to 64-bit, and ARM uses a RISC design. The OS and applications need compatible builds.
Tarjeta 137
Pregunta
What does adding CPU cores improve?
Respuesta
Parallel work when software can use the cores. Architecture, clock speed, cooling, memory, and workload still shape performance.
Tarjeta 138
Pregunta
Match sound, video, capture, and network expansion cards to their jobs.
Respuesta
Sound cards handle audio I/O, video cards render graphics, capture cards ingest external media signals, and NICs add network connectivity.
Tarjeta 139
Pregunta
How do a TPM and HSM support encryption differently?
Respuesta
A TPM is a system security chip for protected keys and platform measurements; an HSM is a dedicated device or service for controlled cryptographic key operations.
Tarjeta 140
Pregunta
How do fans and heat sinks work together?
Respuesta
A heat sink spreads component heat across fins; fans move air across those fins and through the case.
Tarjeta 141
Pregunta
Why are thermal paste or pads placed between a chip and cooler?
Respuesta
They fill microscopic gaps so heat transfers efficiently. Use the specified material and amount.
Tarjeta 142
Pregunta
What extra components does liquid CPU cooling add to diagnosis?
Respuesta
A pump, coolant path, radiator, fans, tubing, and seals. Verify mounting, flow, airflow, and leaks.
Tarjeta 143
Pregunta
What hardware and firmware support may a hypervisor require?
Respuesta
A compatible CPU virtualization feature enabled in UEFI, plus enough memory, storage, networking, and security controls for its guests.
Tarjeta 144
Pregunta
What must be checked when a PSU can receive 110–120 VAC or 220–240 VAC?
Respuesta
Its input range and selector behavior. Use the local mains range and never guess with a manual voltage switch.
Tarjeta 145
Pregunta
What do the 3.3 V, 5 V, and 12 V PSU rails typically power?
Respuesta
They supply different component circuits: 3.3 V and 5 V serve logic and peripherals, while 12 V commonly feeds CPU/GPU regulators, motors, and fans.
Tarjeta 146
Pregunta
What does a 20+4-pin ATX connector power?
Respuesta
The motherboard's main input. The CPU normally needs a separate 4- or 8-pin EPS-style connection.
Tarjeta 147
Pregunta
How should PSU wattage be chosen?
Respuesta
Add the system's realistic peak demand and sensible headroom, then confirm connector, rail, and quality requirements. A large wattage label alone doesn't prove suitability.
Tarjeta 148
Pregunta
What is the advantage and main caution of a modular PSU?
Respuesta
Detachable cables reduce clutter, but only cables approved for that exact PSU should be used. Modular pinouts aren't universally interchangeable.
Tarjeta 149
Pregunta
What does a redundant power supply provide?
Respuesta
Two or more power modules so one can fail without immediately stopping the system. Redundancy still needs correct capacity and monitoring.
Tarjeta 150
Pregunta
Why does PSU efficiency matter?
Respuesta
Higher efficiency wastes less input power as heat at a given load. Efficiency certification doesn't replace checks for electrical quality, capacity, or connectors.
Tarjeta 151
Pregunta
How does a laser printer create and fix an image?
Respuesta
It forms an electrostatic image, applies toner, and bonds the toner with a heated fuser. Toner, drum, transfer, and fuser parts all affect output.
Tarjeta 152
Pregunta
What should be checked when unboxing and placing a multifunction printer?
Respuesta
Remove shipping locks, allow service clearance and ventilation, match power and network access, load supported media, and choose a stable location.
Tarjeta 153
Pregunta
How do PCL and PostScript printer drivers differ?
Respuesta
PCL is common for fast office output and can vary by device; PostScript describes pages in a device-independent way that suits complex graphics. Use the printer's supported driver.
Tarjeta 154
Pregunta
What should be verified when choosing USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi for a printer?
Respuesta
Verify the intended users, cable or signal path, addressing, security, firmware, and driver support. USB serves a local host; network links serve reachable clients.
Tarjeta 155
Pregunta
Which parts and maintenance tasks are typical for an inkjet printer?
Respuesta
Ink cartridges, printheads, pickup rollers, and feeders. Clean or align printheads, replace approved cartridges, clear jams, and service feed parts as needed.
Tarjeta 156
Pregunta
How do printer sharing and a print server differ?
Respuesta
A printer share exposes a queue from a host; a print server centralizes queues, drivers, permissions, and management for many clients.
Tarjeta 157
Pregunta
Which settings commonly change a print job's physical output?
Respuesta
Duplex, portrait or landscape orientation, paper tray and size, and quality. The application, driver, and device settings must agree.
Tarjeta 158
Pregunta
Which controls protect a public or shared printer?
Respuesta
User authentication or badging, secure print release, appropriate permissions, and audit logs. They reduce abandoned sensitive output and trace approved use.
Tarjeta 159
Pregunta
How does a direct thermal printer work and what maintenance does it need?
Respuesta
Heat darkens special thermal paper. Replace the paper correctly, clean the heating element and feed path, and remove debris.
Tarjeta 160
Pregunta
Where can a network multifunction device send scans?
Respuesta
Common destinations are email, an SMB file share, or an approved cloud service. Configure credentials, permissions, addressing, and encryption for the destination.
Tarjeta 161
Pregunta
When should you use an ADF instead of a flatbed scanner?
Respuesta
Use the automatic document feeder for stacks of loose pages; use the flatbed for fragile, bound, thick, or single originals.
Tarjeta 162
Pregunta
What does printer calibration correct?
Respuesta
Placement, density, alignment, or color registration. Run the maker's procedure after relevant part or image-quality changes.
Tarjeta 163
Pregunta
Why does an impact printer suit multipart forms?
Respuesta
Pins strike an inked ribbon and physically transfer the mark through layered paper. The mechanism is noisy but can mark multiple copies.
Tarjeta 164
Pregunta
What does a laser-printer maintenance kit commonly refresh?
Respuesta
Wear parts such as rollers and the fuser, as defined for that model. Replace depleted toner, install the kit at its service interval, calibrate when output shifts, and clean only through approved paths.
Tarjeta 165
Pregunta
How do inkjet feed and printhead maintenance address different faults?
Respuesta
Roller and feeder service fixes paper movement; printhead cleaning or alignment fixes missing or misplaced ink. Use the symptom to choose the maintenance.
Tarjeta 166
Pregunta
What is a virtual machine?
Respuesta
A software-defined computer with virtual CPU, memory, storage, and devices that runs a guest operating system on a host.
Tarjeta 167
Pregunta
Where does a Type 1 hypervisor run?
Respuesta
Directly on the host hardware. This bare-metal design is common in servers and virtualization platforms.
Tarjeta 168
Pregunta
Why use a VM as a sandbox or test environment?
Respuesta
It isolates a disposable environment from the main workload and makes repeatable testing easier. Isolation reduces risk but doesn't make untrusted code harmless.
Tarjeta 169
Pregunta
Which VM resources must be sized against real host capacity?
Respuesta
vCPU, memory, storage space, and I/O. Overcommitting them can make several guests compete for the same hardware.
Tarjeta 170
Pregunta
What does application virtualization do?
Respuesta
It packages, streams, or isolates an application from the base installation. It can simplify delivery or preserve some legacy applications without virtualizing a whole desktop.
Tarjeta 171
Pregunta
Where does a Type 2 hypervisor run?
Respuesta
As an application on a host operating system. It is convenient for desktop labs, testing, and occasional guests.
Tarjeta 172
Pregunta
Which security layers need attention on a virtualization host?
Respuesta
The host, hypervisor, management access, guest OSs, virtual networks, and images. Patch and isolate each layer according to its role.
Tarjeta 173
Pregunta
What must be planned for VM networking?
Respuesta
Addressing, virtual switch or NAT mode, segmentation, bandwidth, and access controls. A guest still needs a deliberate path to required services.
Tarjeta 174
Pregunta
What does VDI deliver?
Respuesta
Centrally hosted desktop sessions to remote clients. Compute and management stay in the data center or cloud rather than on each endpoint.
Tarjeta 175
Pregunta
What must be planned for VM storage?
Respuesta
Capacity, performance, snapshots, backup, and failure location. A snapshot on the same datastore isn't a complete backup.
Tarjeta 176
Pregunta
How does a container differ from a typical VM?
Respuesta
A container isolates an application while sharing the host kernel; a VM normally includes a full guest operating system.
Tarjeta 177
Pregunta
How can virtualization support legacy or cross-platform workloads?
Respuesta
A compatible guest OS or virtualized application layer can preserve the required environment. CPU architecture, licenses, drivers, and hardware access still constrain compatibility.
Tarjeta 178
Pregunta
What does a container image provide?
Respuesta
A repeatable application filesystem and configuration used to start containers. Running containers add temporary writable state unless storage is attached.
Tarjeta 179
Pregunta
A virtualization option is unavailable. What should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify CPU and platform support, then enable the required virtualization feature in UEFI if policy allows. Also confirm that another hypervisor hasn't claimed it.
Tarjeta 180
Pregunta
What defines a public cloud?
Respuesta
It is offered for open use by the general public and operated by a cloud provider. Its resources may be shared or dedicated, depending on the service.
Tarjeta 181
Pregunta
What does IaaS provide?
Respuesta
Cloud compute, networking, and storage infrastructure. The customer usually manages the operating system, applications, identities, and data.
Tarjeta 182
Pregunta
What is cloud elasticity?
Respuesta
The ability to add or remove resources as demand changes, automatically or on request.
Tarjeta 183
Pregunta
What does metered cloud utilization measure?
Respuesta
Consumed resources such as compute time, storage, requests, or transferred data for reporting, limits, and billing.
Tarjeta 184
Pregunta
What defines a private cloud?
Respuesta
Cloud infrastructure reserved for one organization. It can run on-site or be hosted and operated by a provider.
Tarjeta 185
Pregunta
What does SaaS provide?
Respuesta
A complete provider-run application accessed as a service. The customer mainly manages users, settings, and data.
Tarjeta 186
Pregunta
How do shared and dedicated cloud resources differ?
Respuesta
Shared resources serve multiple customers with logical isolation; dedicated resources are reserved for one customer. Either can appear in a provider's public-cloud offering.
Tarjeta 187
Pregunta
What is high availability designed to reduce?
Respuesta
Service downtime from component or location failure through redundancy and failover.
Tarjeta 188
Pregunta
What is a hybrid cloud?
Respuesta
A coordinated use of private-cloud and public-cloud environments, with workloads or data placed where their requirements fit.
Tarjeta 189
Pregunta
What does PaaS provide?
Respuesta
A managed application platform and runtime. Developers deploy code while the provider manages more of the operating system and infrastructure.
Tarjeta 190
Pregunta
What do cloud ingress and egress mean?
Respuesta
Ingress is data entering the cloud service; egress is data leaving it. Providers often meter them differently, and egress can create a notable cost.
Tarjeta 191
Pregunta
What does cloud multitenancy mean?
Respuesta
Multiple customers use provider infrastructure while their workloads and data remain logically isolated.
Tarjeta 192
Pregunta
What is a community cloud?
Respuesta
Cloud infrastructure reserved for organizations with shared requirements, such as a sector or policy need, rather than for unrestricted public use.
Tarjeta 193
Pregunta
What does FaaS run?
Respuesta
Event-triggered functions without the customer managing servers directly. The provider manages the execution environment and scaling mechanics.
Tarjeta 194
Pregunta
Does using a cloud service remove the customer's security duties?
Respuesta
No. Responsibility is shared: the provider protects its service layers, while the customer still manages assigned areas such as identities, settings, applications, and data.
Tarjeta 195
Pregunta
What can happen when two offline devices edit the same cloud-synchronized file?
Respuesta
A synchronization conflict. Preserve both versions, let sync finish, compare the changes, and keep the intended content.
Tarjeta 196
Pregunta
A PC stops at POST with a beep or status-light pattern. What should you do next?
Respuesta
Look up the exact pattern in the system or motherboard service documentation, then test the indicated component.
Tarjeta 197
Pregunta
A desktop shows no lights or fan movement. Where should power diagnosis start?
Respuesta
At the outlet, power strip, cord, PSU input switch, and main internal power connections. Move from the source inward.
Tarjeta 198
Pregunta
A PC shows a proprietary crash screen. What evidence should you collect first?
Respuesta
Record the stop code and recent hardware changes, then check memory, storage, drivers, temperature, and logs indicated by that code.
Tarjeta 199
Pregunta
A PC powers on but the screen stays blank. What hardware checks come first?
Respuesta
Check display power and input, video cabling, GPU seating or power, and whether POST completes. Test one known-good display path at a time.
Tarjeta 200
Pregunta
A computer is sluggish under ordinary work. Which hardware conditions should you check?
Respuesta
Check temperature and throttling, RAM pressure, storage health and free space, CPU load, and background I/O before replacing parts.
Tarjeta 201
Pregunta
A PC becomes unstable as CPU temperature rises. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect fan operation, heat-sink mounting, thermal material, dust, filters, and case airflow. The CPU may throttle or shut down to protect itself.
Tarjeta 202
Pregunta
You smell burning from a powered computer. What is the immediate action?
Respuesta
Shut it down and disconnect power. Don't keep testing until the damaged power or board component has been safely identified.
Tarjeta 203
Pregunta
A PC shuts down randomly only during heavy GPU work. What should you test?
Respuesta
Test PSU capacity and condition, GPU power leads, temperature, and event logs. Peak load can expose weak power or cooling.
Tarjeta 204
Pregunta
Applications crash randomly after new RAM is installed. What should you do?
Respuesta
Verify compatibility and slot placement, reseat the modules, and run a memory diagnostic. Test modules separately if needed.
Tarjeta 205
Pregunta
A computer develops an unusual fan or grinding noise. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect fans, cables, pumps, drives, dust, and mounting points while the system is safely powered down when contact is possible.
Tarjeta 206
Pregunta
What should you do after finding a swollen motherboard capacitor?
Respuesta
Disconnect power and replace the failed board or arrange qualified component service. Don't keep operating a board with a visibly failing capacitor.
Tarjeta 207
Pregunta
A PC loses its date and time whenever it is unplugged. What is the likely cause?
Respuesta
A weak motherboard coin-cell battery. Replace it with the specified type and restore any lost firmware settings.
Tarjeta 208
Pregunta
Firmware reports less RAM than is installed. What is the first corrective step?
Respuesta
Power down, follow ESD precautions, and reseat the modules in the recommended slots. Then test compatibility, sticks, and slots methodically.
Tarjeta 209
Pregunta
A newly installed CPU isn't recognized even though it fits the socket. What should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify chipset and firmware support, CPU power, contact condition, seating, and cooling. Physical fit alone doesn't prove compatibility.
Tarjeta 210
Pregunta
How can you isolate a motherboard, CPU, RAM, or PSU no-POST fault?
Respuesta
Reduce the system to minimum required hardware, confirm known-good power, and add components back one at a time.
Tarjeta 211
Pregunta
A storage controller shows a warning LED or audible alarm. What should you do first?
Respuesta
Read the controller's exact status, preserve a current backup, and identify the affected drive or array before replacing anything.
Tarjeta 212
Pregunta
A hard drive clicks or grinds while reads fail. What should you prioritize?
Respuesta
Stop unnecessary activity, preserve recoverable data, and replace the drive. Repeated testing can worsen a mechanical failure.
Tarjeta 213
Pregunta
A PC reports no bootable device. Which checks come first?
Respuesta
Check firmware drive detection and boot order, then data and power connections. If the drive is detected, check its health before changing partitions.
Tarjeta 214
Pregunta
Files are corrupt or missing after storage errors. What should you do?
Respuesta
Stop writes, preserve the affected media, restore from a verified backup when appropriate, and diagnose the drive, controller, memory, and filesystem cause.
Tarjeta 215
Pregunta
A controller reports an array missing. What should you avoid?
Respuesta
Don't initialize or recreate it blindly. Check controller configuration, cabling, power, member detection, and the documented recovery path first.
Tarjeta 216
Pregunta
A drive has unusually long read and write times. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect health data, errors, cable or link negotiation, free space, workload, temperature, and the storage interface.
Tarjeta 217
Pregunta
What should you do after a S.M.A.R.T. failure warning?
Respuesta
Back up important data immediately and plan drive replacement. A health warning isn't something to clear and ignore.
Tarjeta 218
Pregunta
Firmware sees a drive, but the operating system doesn't. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check OS storage management, drivers, bus support, partitions, and whether the disk is offline. Don't initialize a disk that may contain needed data.
Tarjeta 219
Pregunta
A RAID array is degraded after a member fails. What is the safe response?
Respuesta
Confirm the failed member, verify backup, replace it through the controller's procedure, and monitor the rebuild. Don't remove a healthy member by guesswork.
Tarjeta 220
Pregunta
What can cause low storage IOPS even when capacity is available?
Respuesta
A saturated or slow device, high queue depth, contention, thermal throttling, controller limits, or an unsuitable RAID layout.
Tarjeta 221
Pregunta
A monitor reports no signal. What should you check first?
Respuesta
Check power, selected input, cable seating, adapter compatibility, and whether the computer is producing video.
Tarjeta 222
Pregunta
A projector is dim or shuts down intermittently. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect the bulb or light source, filters, vents, temperature, brightness settings, room light, and service-life indicators.
Tarjeta 223
Pregunta
Text looks fuzzy or the desktop doesn't fit the screen. Which settings should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify native resolution, scaling, aspect ratio, and any overscan setting. Then check cable and adapter quality.
Tarjeta 224
Pregunta
How do display burn-in and a dead pixel differ?
Respuesta
Burn-in is persistent image retention across an area; a dead or stuck pixel is a fixed point defect. Confirm each with varied full-screen test images.
Tarjeta 225
Pregunta
A display flashes or flickers at a new refresh rate. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check that the display, GPU, port, cable, resolution, and refresh rate combination is supported.
Tarjeta 226
Pregunta
A projected image is trapezoidal or distorted. What should you adjust?
Respuesta
Correct projector position, angle, focus, and aspect ratio first; use keystone correction only as needed.
Tarjeta 227
Pregunta
A monitor shows incorrect colors. How do you isolate the cause?
Respuesta
Check color settings and profiles, reseat or replace the cable, test another input or display, and inspect GPU output and drivers.
Tarjeta 228
Pregunta
Video works over HDMI or DisplayPort, but audio doesn't. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check the OS playback device, application output, display volume, cable capability, and whether the adapter carries audio.
Tarjeta 229
Pregunta
A laptop LCD shows a faint image only under a flashlight. Which area is likely failing?
Respuesta
The backlight or its power/driver path. The faint picture shows that image data still reaches the panel.
Tarjeta 230
Pregunta
A phone battery drains much faster than usual. What should you check first?
Respuesta
Check battery health and recent screen, app, radio, and location use. Confirm the usage change before replacing hardware.
Tarjeta 231
Pregunta
A phone has a broken screen but still receives notifications. What should guide the repair?
Respuesta
Back up accessible data, stop using sharp or exposed surfaces, and determine whether the glass, display, digitizer, or full assembly is replaceable.
Tarjeta 232
Pregunta
A phone won't charge and its port looks damaged. What is the safe first test?
Respuesta
Inspect without metal tools, then try a known-good compatible cable and charger. Use wireless charging only if the device supports it and the battery is safe.
Tarjeta 233
Pregunta
A phone has poor or no connectivity. What should you isolate?
Respuesta
Test Wi-Fi, cellular, and Bluetooth separately; check airplane mode, signal, account or SIM/eSIM state, and the specific network settings.
Tarjeta 234
Pregunta
A battery is pushing a mobile-device case apart. What should you do?
Respuesta
Power it down, stop charging it, and arrange approved battery service. Don't press the case closed.
Tarjeta 235
Pregunta
A mobile device gets wet. Why should you avoid powering or charging it?
Respuesta
Moisture can cause shorts and corrosion. Shut it down and follow the manufacturer's drying or service guidance.
Tarjeta 236
Pregunta
Touch input drifts or misses one area. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check screen cleanliness and protectors, test calibration if supported, compare apps, and inspect the digitizer connection or damage.
Tarjeta 237
Pregunta
A phone slows down and overheats during light use. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect battery health, storage pressure, updates, background apps, signal hunting, and possible malware. Stop use if heat is unsafe.
Tarjeta 238
Pregunta
A mobile device shows pop-ups and heavy data use after an untrusted install. What should you suspect?
Respuesta
Malware or a harmful app. Disconnect as needed, preserve required evidence, remove it through the approved mobile-security process, and update the device.
Tarjeta 239
Pregunta
A mobile device can't install a new application. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check free storage, OS and hardware compatibility, account or store access, network service, and MDM policy before bypassing any restriction.
Tarjeta 240
Pregunta
An active stylus doesn't work, but finger touch does. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check stylus compatibility, charge or battery, pairing, tip, app support, and the device's active-digitizer settings.
Tarjeta 241
Pregunta
Users report slow network speeds. What should you measure before changing hardware?
Respuesta
Measure negotiated link rate, throughput, utilization, errors, signal, channel use, and server or ISP performance to locate the bottleneck.
Tarjeta 242
Pregunta
Wi-Fi disconnects intermittently in one area. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect signal strength, roaming, interference, channel plan, access-point placement, client drivers, and power-saving behavior.
Tarjeta 243
Pregunta
A client reports limited connectivity. Which layers should you check in order?
Respuesta
Check physical or wireless link, IP address and mask, gateway, DHCP, DNS, and upstream reachability.
Tarjeta 244
Pregunta
A user repeatedly fails network authentication. What should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify the account and credentials, time, certificate, authentication method, network policy, and whether the user or device is authorized.
Tarjeta 245
Pregunta
Which tools help locate high latency?
Respuesta
Ping compares delay and loss; traceroute shows the path by hops. Test several destinations to separate a local, provider, and destination issue.
Tarjeta 246
Pregunta
What signs point to external wireless interference?
Respuesta
Signal quality or throughput drops despite adequate strength, often near a device or at certain times. A spectrum or Wi-Fi analyzer helps confirm it.
Tarjeta 247
Pregunta
A switch port repeatedly changes between up and down. What should you isolate?
Respuesta
Isolate the patch cable, wall run, endpoint NIC, and switch port. Review port logs and test the cable for a port-flapping cause.
Tarjeta 248
Pregunta
A wired PC has no link light. Where should troubleshooting start?
Respuesta
At the cable, connector, NIC, and switch port. Changing IP settings can't repair a missing physical link.
Tarjeta 249
Pregunta
VoIP sounds choppy even though average bandwidth is adequate. Which network condition should you measure?
Respuesta
Jitter, along with latency and packet loss. QoS and congestion control may help after the impaired path is identified.
Tarjeta 250
Pregunta
Internet access drops for every local client, then returns. Where should you look?
Respuesta
Check the shared WAN path: the router's WAN link, modem or ONT, provider service, power, and logs. Independent failures across every local client at once are unlikely.
Tarjeta 251
Pregunta
A host can reach an internet IP but not a website name. What is the likely fault?
Respuesta
DNS resolution. Check the configured resolver and test a direct lookup.
Tarjeta 252
Pregunta
A PC receives a 169.254.x.x address. What should you test next?
Respuesta
Test its link and the path to DHCP. The APIPA address shows that normal lease configuration failed.
Tarjeta 253
Pregunta
Two hosts report an address conflict. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect static assignments, DHCP reservations, and the lease scope for a duplicate IP address.
Tarjeta 254
Pregunta
A PC on a new switch port can't reach its department resources. What should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify the access VLAN, then its routing and policy. A good physical link on the wrong VLAN still provides the wrong network access.
Tarjeta 255
Pregunta
A PoE camera has network pairs but no power. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check the injector or switch standard, port state, total power budget, cable quality, and camera power requirement.
Tarjeta 256
Pregunta
Only one PC lacks network access while nearby systems work. What should you compare?
Respuesta
Compare its link, IP settings, DNS, authentication, proxy or VPN state, and local firewall with a working peer.
Tarjeta 257
Pregunta
A printed page has a line in the same place every time. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect the cartridge, printhead, drum, scanner glass, and approved cleaning path for contamination or damage, based on printer type.
Tarjeta 258
Pregunta
A printer produces garbled characters. What should you verify?
Respuesta
Verify the driver and print language, cable or network path, firmware, and source document. Cancel the bad job before retrying.
Tarjeta 259
Pregunta
A printer reports a paper jam. What is the safe response?
Respuesta
Stop the job, follow the documented paper path, remove paper in the specified direction, and check for scraps or damaged rollers.
Tarjeta 260
Pregunta
Several print jobs remain pending after the printer recovers. What should you do?
Respuesta
Cancel failed jobs as appropriate, verify printer status and connectivity, restart the print service if needed, then send one small test page.
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Tarjeta 261
Pregunta
Printed pages are uniformly faded. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check toner or ink level, density or quality settings, cartridge condition, and the correct media setting.
Tarjeta 262
Pregunta
A printer makes a grinding noise. What should you do?
Respuesta
Stop the job and inspect for jammed media, foreign objects, damaged gears, or a misseated cartridge or maintenance part.
Tarjeta 263
Pregunta
Paper won't feed or several sheets feed together. Which parts should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect pickup rollers, the separation pad, feeder, paper condition, tray guides, and load limit.
Tarjeta 264
Pregunta
A document prints in the wrong orientation. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check portrait or landscape settings in the application and driver, then confirm paper size and any device default.
Tarjeta 265
Pregunta
What commonly causes speckles across printed pages?
Respuesta
Loose toner, ink contamination, a dirty print path, or a damaged cartridge or drum. Use the printer type and repeating pattern to narrow it.
Tarjeta 266
Pregunta
A finisher won't staple or punch pages. What should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect the staple cartridge or jam, punch waste bin, finisher seating, supported paper, and driver job settings.
Tarjeta 267
Pregunta
A printer doesn't recognize a loaded tray. What should you check?
Respuesta
Check tray seating, paper guides and size sensors, media settings, firmware, and driver configuration.
Tarjeta 268
Pregunta
A network printer shows Ready but clients can't reach it. What should you test?
Respuesta
Test its link, IP configuration, address conflict, VLAN and routing path, print port, and firewall access.
Tarjeta 269
Pregunta
A laser page shows a repeated faint image. Which area should you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect the imaging drum and fuser for ghosting. The repeat distance can help the service guide identify the rotating part.
Tarjeta 270
Pregunta
A print queue is frozen and won't process a test page. What should you do?
Respuesta
Clear the blocked job safely, restart the spooler or print service, verify disk and printer connectivity, then submit one small test.
Tarjeta 271
Pregunta
Which desktop OS is the usual choice for broad business software and Active Directory integration?
Respuesta
Windows. It has the widest support for common business applications and native integration with Microsoft domain services.
Tarjeta 272
Pregunta
When is a clean OS installation preferable to an in-place upgrade?
Respuesta
Choose a clean install when you need a fresh system or the existing installation is unreliable. It removes installed apps and settings, so back up user data first.
Tarjeta 273
Pregunta
Which Windows command lists files and folders in the current directory?
Respuesta
dir. Use cd when you need to change the current directory.
Tarjeta 274
Pregunta
Which Windows tool gives a quick view of running processes, startup apps, users, services, and performance?
Respuesta
Task Manager. It is the first stop for a quick process or resource check.
Tarjeta 275
Pregunta
What should you check before moving a user between desktop or mobile operating systems?
Respuesta
Check application, peripheral, file-format, and account compatibility first. A supported OS is still a bad fit if the user's required tools or data won't work on it.
Tarjeta 276
Pregunta
How should you choose between a public and private Windows network profile?
Respuesta
Use Public on untrusted networks and Private only on trusted local networks. The profile changes discovery and firewall behavior.
Tarjeta 277
Pregunta
Which Windows command shows the current IP configuration?
Respuesta
ipconfig. Add /all when you need details such as DHCP, DNS, gateway, and adapter addresses.
Tarjeta 278
Pregunta
What is the main benefit of deploying an OS image?
Respuesta
It applies a prepared, consistent system build to multiple devices. The image still needs compatible drivers, licensing, and post-deployment updates.
Tarjeta 279
Pregunta
Which console should you open to investigate recorded application, security, or system errors?
Respuesta
Event Viewer. Filter by the relevant time, source, and event level instead of treating every warning as the cause.
Tarjeta 280
Pregunta
Which Windows file system supports permissions, encryption, compression, and large local volumes?
Respuesta
NTFS. It is the standard Windows file system when you need access controls and other full desktop features.
Tarjeta 281
Pregunta
Which Windows edition fits a basic home PC that does not need business management features?
Respuesta
Windows Home. It covers normal consumer use but lacks several business features found in Pro and Enterprise.
Tarjeta 282
Pregunta
What do the common macOS application forms .dmg, .pkg, and .app represent?
Respuesta
A .dmg is a mountable disk image, a .pkg runs an installer, and an .app is an application bundle. Remove software with its supported process, especially when it installed system components.
Tarjeta 283
Pregunta
Which boot approach lets a technician start an installer delivered by a deployment server?
Respuesta
Network boot, commonly PXE. The client firmware and network must support it, and the deployment service must be reachable.
Tarjeta 284
Pregunta
Which command is the quickest basic test of IP reachability to another host?
Respuesta
ping. A failed ping is only a clue because the host or firewall may block echo traffic.
Tarjeta 285
Pregunta
Which Windows tool creates partitions, assigns drive letters, and initializes disks?
Respuesta
Disk Management. Confirm the disk and volume before making changes because some operations can destroy data.
Tarjeta 286
Pregunta
What is safer than disabling Windows Firewall when one application is blocked?
Respuesta
Create the narrowest required application or port exception. Keep the firewall enabled and limit the rule to the needed profiles and traffic.
Tarjeta 287
Pregunta
What should you compare before installing a demanding application?
Respuesta
Compare its OS, CPU, RAM, storage, graphics, VRAM, and peripheral requirements with the device. Check both minimum and practical workload needs.
Tarjeta 288
Pregunta
Which Windows edition is the usual minimum for joining a business domain and hosting Remote Desktop?
Respuesta
Windows Pro. It also adds business features such as BitLocker management and Local Group Policy.
Tarjeta 289
Pregunta
Which Windows command queries DNS records for a name?
Respuesta
nslookup. It helps distinguish name-resolution trouble from basic network reachability.
Tarjeta 290
Pregunta
Which macOS feature creates versioned backups for normal file and system recovery?
Respuesta
Time Machine. Confirm the backup destination is available and test that needed files can actually be restored.
Tarjeta 291
Pregunta
What makes zero-touch deployment different from a normal remote installation?
Respuesta
Zero-touch deployment minimizes hands-on setup after the device starts. Policies, applications, and identity configuration are applied automatically.
Tarjeta 292
Pregunta
When is exFAT usually a better removable-drive format than FAT32?
Respuesta
Use exFAT when the drive must move between modern operating systems and hold files larger than FAT32's 4 GB per-file limit.
Tarjeta 293
Pregunta
Which values must be correct in a manual IPv4 client configuration?
Respuesta
The IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings must fit the network. A wrong value can break local or internet access.
Tarjeta 294
Pregunta
How do FileVault and Keychain serve different security jobs on macOS?
Respuesta
FileVault encrypts the startup disk; Keychain stores passwords, certificates, and keys. Neither replaces good account security or backups.
Tarjeta 295
Pregunta
What should you verify before booting an installer from USB media?
Respuesta
Verify the media is trusted and bootable, then select the correct temporary boot device. Also confirm the firmware mode matches the planned partition style.
Tarjeta 296
Pregunta
Which Windows console is best for checking a device's driver status or hardware error code?
Respuesta
Device Manager. It shows detected hardware, driver details, disabled devices, and device error codes.
Tarjeta 297
Pregunta
When is Windows Enterprise a better fit than Pro?
Respuesta
Use Enterprise for centrally managed organizations that need its additional security, deployment, and control features. It is licensed for organizational use rather than a typical retail PC.
Tarjeta 298
Pregunta
How does a domain differ from a workgroup for Windows client management?
Respuesta
A domain provides centralized identity and policy; a workgroup manages accounts separately on each PC. Shared resources must match the chosen model.
Tarjeta 299
Pregunta
Which command shows active network connections and listening ports on Windows?
Respuesta
netstat. Use its documented options to include process IDs or numeric addresses when needed.
Tarjeta 300
Pregunta
Which Windows tool runs a program or script on a trigger or schedule?
Respuesta
Task Scheduler. Use it for defined triggers such as a time, startup, sign-in, or event.
Tarjeta 301
Pregunta
What must be assigned before a user can legally use many cloud productivity apps?
Respuesta
The correct service license. Installation alone does not grant an account access to licensed features.
Tarjeta 302
Pregunta
What do /Applications, /Users, /Library, and /System hold on macOS?
Respuesta
They hold installed apps, user home folders, shared support data, and protected system components, respectively. A user's own Library sits inside that user's home folder.
Tarjeta 303
Pregunta
What path format directly identifies a Windows network share?
Respuesta
A UNC path such as \\server\share. A mapped drive gives that share a drive letter for convenience.
Tarjeta 304
Pregunta
Why can a 32-bit-only dependency block an otherwise capable 64-bit system?
Respuesta
The application may rely on an unsupported 32-bit component or driver. Confirm the complete dependency chain, not just the CPU architecture.
Tarjeta 305
Pregunta
Which file systems are common on Linux desktops and servers?
Respuesta
ext4 and XFS. Both are Linux-native choices; support for features and repair tools depends on the distribution and workload.
Tarjeta 306
Pregunta
What workload is Windows Pro for Workstations aimed at?
Respuesta
High-end professional hardware and demanding workloads. It adds support intended for workstation-class processors, memory, and storage features.
Tarjeta 307
Pregunta
Why synchronize identity between an organization and a cloud productivity service?
Respuesta
It keeps user accounts and access aligned with the organization's identity source. Provisioning and removal can then follow the user's lifecycle.
Tarjeta 308
Pregunta
When should you try a repair installation or recovery environment?
Respuesta
Use it when the current OS is damaged but preserving the installation is still reasonable. Back up recoverable data before making larger changes.
Tarjeta 309
Pregunta
Which Windows command traces the router hops toward a destination?
Respuesta
tracert. Use pathping when you also need sampled latency and loss information across the route.
Tarjeta 310
Pregunta
Why should mobile apps come from the platform's trusted store or an approved enterprise source?
Respuesta
Trusted sources provide stronger publisher, signing, and review checks. Sideloading from an unknown source raises the risk of a malicious or altered app.
Tarjeta 311
Pregunta
What is distinctive about a Windows N edition?
Respuesta
It omits certain built-in media technologies. An application that depends on those components may need Microsoft's media feature package.
Tarjeta 312
Pregunta
Which partition style is the normal choice for a modern UEFI system?
Respuesta
GPT. It supports modern UEFI booting, large disks, and more partitions than legacy MBR.
Tarjeta 313
Pregunta
What should you confirm when setting up a cloud storage sync folder?
Respuesta
Confirm the account, selected folders, local disk impact, sharing rules, and whether files remain available offline.
Tarjeta 314
Pregunta
When does a dedicated GPU matter more than integrated graphics?
Respuesta
It matters when the application requires more graphics performance or dedicated VRAM than the integrated GPU can provide.
Tarjeta 315
Pregunta
How do chmod and chown differ on Linux?
Respuesta
chmod changes permission bits; chown changes file ownership. Verify the target and use elevated rights only when required.
Tarjeta 316
Pregunta
Which command checks a Windows volume's file-system structure for errors?
Respuesta
chkdsk. Review its options before requesting repairs because a repair may need exclusive access or a restart.
Tarjeta 317
Pregunta
What is the difference between partitioning and formatting a drive?
Respuesta
Partitioning defines logical regions on the drive; formatting creates a file system inside a partition. Both can affect existing data, so confirm the target first.
Tarjeta 318
Pregunta
What does a client VPN connection provide?
Respuesta
It creates an encrypted path to a remote private network. The user still needs valid authentication and authorization for its resources.
Tarjeta 319
Pregunta
Which Linux package managers are common on Debian-based and Fedora-based systems?
Respuesta
apt is common on Debian and Ubuntu; dnf is common on Fedora and related systems. Use authorized sudo elevation for administrative package changes instead of routine root login.
Tarjeta 320
Pregunta
When should you use Performance Monitor instead of only Task Manager?
Respuesta
Use Performance Monitor when you need counters collected over time. Task Manager is better for a quick live snapshot.
Tarjeta 321
Pregunta
Which Windows command-line tool manages disks, partitions, and volumes?
Respuesta
diskpart. Select and verify the exact disk before any destructive command.
Tarjeta 322
Pregunta
Which firmware and security components are central to Windows 11 hardware eligibility?
Respuesta
UEFI with Secure Boot capability and a supported TPM 2.0 are central requirements. The processor, RAM, and storage must also meet Microsoft's current requirements.
Tarjeta 323
Pregunta
What should you verify before a mobile OS upgrade?
Respuesta
Check device support, free storage, battery or power, network access, app compatibility, and a current backup.
Tarjeta 324
Pregunta
Why mark a Windows connection as metered?
Respuesta
It tells Windows to limit some background transfers on a connection with a data cap or high cost. Updates and cloud sync may behave differently.
Tarjeta 325
Pregunta
Which file system is designed for current Apple storage devices?
Respuesta
APFS. It is Apple's modern file system for macOS and other Apple platforms.
Tarjeta 326
Pregunta
Which Linux commands distinguish free filesystem space from a directory's space use?
Respuesta
df reports filesystem free space; du estimates space used by files and directories. Use both when tracking down a full disk.
Tarjeta 327
Pregunta
What belongs in an OS upgrade preflight check?
Respuesta
Back up user data and settings, then verify hardware, applications, drivers, storage, licensing, and the supported upgrade path.
Tarjeta 328
Pregunta
Why should Windows show known file extensions during support work?
Respuesta
Visible extensions make file types easier to verify and help expose misleading names such as invoice.pdf.exe.
Tarjeta 329
Pregunta
What is the safest source for an application installer?
Respuesta
Use the vendor's trusted store or official download channel. Verify the publisher, signature, or published hash when available.
Tarjeta 330
Pregunta
Which Windows command is built for reliable folder copying with restart and mirror options?
Respuesta
robocopy. Treat mirror or purge options carefully because they can delete destination files that are absent from the source.
Tarjeta 331
Pregunta
Why should you verify the supported Windows edition upgrade path before starting?
Respuesta
Not every source edition can upgrade directly to every target edition. An unsupported path may require a clean install instead.
Tarjeta 332
Pregunta
Which Windows tool helps isolate startup problems by controlling boot and service options?
Respuesta
System Configuration (msconfig). Use selective startup for diagnosis, then restore the intended configuration after testing.
Tarjeta 333
Pregunta
What should a technician test before rolling out cloud videoconferencing?
Respuesta
Test supported devices, camera and microphone permissions, network capacity, sign-in, and any organization policy.
Tarjeta 334
Pregunta
What does an operating system reaching end of life mean for support?
Respuesta
The vendor no longer provides normal support or security updates. Plan a supported upgrade or replacement instead of treating the old system as safe indefinitely.
Tarjeta 335
Pregunta
Which Windows command checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies?
Respuesta
sfc /scannow. Run it from an elevated terminal and review the result before deciding the next repair step.
Tarjeta 336
Pregunta
What is the purpose of a Microsoft Management Console snap-in?
Respuesta
It adds a focused administrative tool to an MMC console. Event Viewer, Local Users and Groups, and Certificate Manager are common examples.
Tarjeta 337
Pregunta
What is the purpose of a mobile configuration profile?
Respuesta
It applies managed settings such as accounts, certificates, restrictions, and security rules. Install profiles only from an authorized administrator or trusted provider.
Tarjeta 338
Pregunta
What is ReFS mainly designed to improve on supported Windows systems?
Respuesta
Storage resilience and data integrity. ReFS is useful for supported data workloads, but it is not a universal replacement for an NTFS Windows boot volume.
Tarjeta 339
Pregunta
Why pilot a business application before a broad rollout?
Respuesta
A pilot exposes device, network, workflow, licensing, and compatibility effects on a small group before they reach everyone.
Tarjeta 340
Pregunta
Why check sharing permissions before moving a document into a collaboration workspace?
Respuesta
The move may change who can read or edit it. Confirm the intended audience, link settings, ownership, and version history.
Tarjeta 341
Pregunta
Which physical control stops a vehicle from driving close to a protected entrance?
Respuesta
Bollards. They create a physical barrier while still allowing pedestrian access.
Tarjeta 342
Pregunta
What is the main sign that a message may be phishing?
Respuesta
It tries to push you into revealing data, opening a file, or following a link under false pretenses. Verify the request through a known channel.
Tarjeta 343
Pregunta
What protects workstation data if a powered-off drive is stolen?
Respuesta
Data-at-rest encryption, such as BitLocker or FileVault. Store recovery keys through an approved process.
Tarjeta 344
Pregunta
What is the first step in a suspected malware case?
Respuesta
Investigate and verify the symptoms. Record what happened and rule out ordinary faults before declaring the system infected.
Tarjeta 345
Pregunta
What is the purpose of an access control vestibule?
Respuesta
It allows one controlled door to close before the next opens. This reduces tailgating into a secure area.
Tarjeta 346
Pregunta
How do spear phishing and whaling differ from broad phishing?
Respuesta
Spear phishing targets a specific person or group; whaling targets senior or high-value people. Both use tailored context to appear credible.
Tarjeta 347
Pregunta
Which password properties matter most for normal user accounts?
Respuesta
Use long, unique passwords and store them in an approved password manager. Complexity and expiration rules should follow current organization policy.
Tarjeta 348
Pregunta
Why is a normal format not enough before transferring a drive with sensitive data?
Respuesta
A standard format mainly rebuilds file-system structures and may leave recoverable data. Use an approved wipe, secure erase, encryption-key destruction, or physical destruction method.
Tarjeta 349
Pregunta
What makes a Trojan different from a computer virus?
Respuesta
A Trojan pretends to be legitimate so the user installs or runs it. A virus attaches its code to a host file or boot area and replicates when that code runs.
Tarjeta 350
Pregunta
Why combine a badge reader with a biometric check at a sensitive door?
Respuesta
The combination verifies something the person has and something they are. It is stronger than either factor alone.
Tarjeta 351
Pregunta
What does a BIOS or UEFI password protect?
Respuesta
It limits unauthorized firmware changes or startup access. It does not encrypt files on the drive.
Tarjeta 352
Pregunta
Which phishing names apply to voice calls, text messages, and malicious QR codes?
Respuesta
Vishing uses voice, smishing uses SMS or messaging, and QR phishing uses a code to hide the destination. Verify the request before acting.
Tarjeta 353
Pregunta
What should you do once a malware infection is reasonably confirmed?
Respuesta
Quarantine the device from networks and shared storage. Preserve any evidence required by policy while limiting further spread.
Tarjeta 354
Pregunta
Which malware hides deeply in a system to preserve privileged access?
Respuesta
A rootkit. Because it can conceal processes or changes, trusted offline scanning or reimaging may be required.
Tarjeta 355
Pregunta
What simple action protects an unattended signed-in workstation?
Respuesta
Lock the screen. Use an automatic timeout as a backup, and log off when the session is no longer needed.
Tarjeta 356
Pregunta
What do cameras, guards, alarms, lighting, and motion sensors contribute to physical security?
Respuesta
They deter, detect, record, or respond to unauthorized activity. They work best as layers rather than a single control.
Tarjeta 357
Pregunta
What attack occurs when someone watches a user enter sensitive information?
Respuesta
Shoulder surfing. Privacy screens, careful positioning, and awareness reduce the risk.
Tarjeta 358
Pregunta
How should you verify a browser download before running it?
Respuesta
Use a trusted source, confirm the publisher or signature, and compare a published hash when available. A matching hash proves integrity, not that the publisher is trustworthy.
Tarjeta 359
Pregunta
What does a computer virus need in order to spread?
Respuesta
A virus attaches to a host file or boot area and spreads when that infected code runs. A boot-sector virus targets startup data.
Tarjeta 360
Pregunta
When is a secure erase preferable to physical destruction?
Respuesta
Use a verified secure erase when the storage device will be reused and the method fits its media type. Validate the result before reassignment.
Tarjeta 361
Pregunta
How does tailgating differ from impersonation?
Respuesta
Tailgating follows an authorized person into a restricted area; impersonation claims a false identity to gain trust or access.
Tarjeta 362
Pregunta
What does the principle of least privilege require?
Respuesta
Give an account only the access needed for its current job, for only as long as needed. Review and remove unnecessary rights.
Tarjeta 363
Pregunta
What does spoofing change to make a message, host, or caller look trusted?
Respuesta
It forges identifying information such as an address, name, number, or source. Verify identity through a separate trusted signal.
Tarjeta 364
Pregunta
Which Wi-Fi security protocol is the preferred modern choice when all devices support it?
Respuesta
WPA3. Use its strongest supported mode and a strong credential or enterprise authentication.
Tarjeta 365
Pregunta
How does a DDoS attack differ from a DoS attack?
Respuesta
A DDoS attack uses many distributed sources; a DoS attack may come from one source. Both aim to exhaust availability.
Tarjeta 366
Pregunta
What assumption drives a Zero Trust access decision?
Respuesta
No user, device, or network location is trusted automatically. Verify identity, device state, context, and authorization for each access decision.
Tarjeta 367
Pregunta
Which physical methods make a hard drive unusable?
Respuesta
Approved shredding or drilling can destroy the platters and mechanism. Follow safety, environmental, and evidence-handling rules.
Tarjeta 368
Pregunta
How do account lockout and account expiration solve different problems?
Respuesta
Lockout slows repeated failed sign-ins; expiration ends access after a defined date. Set both according to business policy.
Tarjeta 369
Pregunta
Which malware categories secretly monitor a user's activity?
Respuesta
Spyware collects activity or data; a keylogger records input; stalkerware is used for covert surveillance of a person.
Tarjeta 370
Pregunta
What wireless threat presents a convincing fake access point?
Respuesta
An evil twin. Users may connect to it because its network name resembles a trusted one.
Tarjeta 371
Pregunta
What are the first security changes on a new SOHO router?
Respuesta
Change default administrator credentials, update firmware, and save a known-good configuration. Use a unique management password.
Tarjeta 372
Pregunta
What should you do when a browser reports an invalid certificate on a sensitive site?
Respuesta
Stop and verify the address, system time, and certificate details. Do not bypass the warning for sign-in or payment data.
Tarjeta 373
Pregunta
What does an access control list decide?
Respuesta
An ACL states which identities or traffic are allowed or denied on a resource. Keep entries specific and review inherited rules.
Tarjeta 374
Pregunta
Which malware blocks access to data and demands payment?
Respuesta
Ransomware. Isolate the device quickly and recover from known-good backups rather than assuming payment will restore data.
Tarjeta 375
Pregunta
How should router management access be exposed?
Respuesta
Allow it only from trusted interfaces and secure protocols, ideally from the local network. Place the router where unauthorized people cannot reset or replace it.
Tarjeta 376
Pregunta
How should Windows restore points be handled during an approved malware-removal workflow?
Respuesta
Temporarily disable System Restore when the procedure calls for it, then re-enable it and create a clean restore point after remediation.
Tarjeta 377
Pregunta
Which built-in accounts or credentials should be changed or disabled during setup?
Respuesta
Disable the guest account when unused and replace default administrator names or passwords where policy requires it. Never leave vendor defaults active.
Tarjeta 378
Pregunta
What happens in an on-path attack?
Respuesta
The attacker positions themselves between communicating parties to observe or alter traffic. Strong certificate validation and encryption help prevent it.
Tarjeta 379
Pregunta
How do browser patches and extension controls work together?
Respuesta
Patches fix browser flaws; extension controls reduce code from untrusted add-ons. Keep only approved, necessary extensions.
Tarjeta 380
Pregunta
How should a guest wireless network be separated from trusted devices?
Respuesta
Use a separate guest network with strong encryption and client isolation. Do not grant it access to internal files or management interfaces.
Tarjeta 381
Pregunta
Why disable AutoRun and unused services?
Respuesta
They remove automatic execution paths and unnecessary attack surface. Confirm a service is not required before disabling it.
Tarjeta 382
Pregunta
Which storage media can degaussing sanitize?
Respuesta
Magnetic media such as compatible hard drives and tapes, but only with an approved degausser rated for that exact medium. Flash storage such as SSDs cannot be sanitized this way. A drive becoming unusable does not prove its data was sanitized; follow and validate the approved procedure.
Tarjeta 383
Pregunta
Why update anti-malware tools before the main removal scan?
Respuesta
Current definitions and engines can recognize newer threats. Scan in a safer environment, such as Safe Mode or approved recovery media, when appropriate.
Tarjeta 384
Pregunta
What makes authentication multifactor?
Respuesta
It uses factors from at least two different categories, such as a password plus a hardware token or biometric. Two passwords are still one factor type.
Tarjeta 385
Pregunta
Which encryption choice is appropriate for a WPA2 network?
Respuesta
AES-based CCMP. Avoid selecting older TKIP just to keep obsolete clients connected.
Tarjeta 386
Pregunta
What is the basic endpoint patching sequence?
Respuesta
Inventory supported systems, deploy tested OS and application updates, verify success, and remediate failures. Endpoint security definitions need updates too.
Tarjeta 387
Pregunta
Why should daily work use a standard account instead of an administrator account?
Respuesta
A standard account limits what mistakes or malware can change. Elevate only the specific approved task through UAC or Run as administrator.
Tarjeta 388
Pregunta
When is reimaging safer than continuing to clean an infected PC?
Respuesta
Reimage when trust cannot be restored, the malware is deeply embedded, or policy requires a known-good build. Restore only verified clean data.
Tarjeta 389
Pregunta
Why is TKIP a poor choice for a new wireless network?
Respuesta
TKIP is a legacy protocol with known security limits. Replace incompatible clients and use WPA2-AES or WPA3.
Tarjeta 390
Pregunta
When is incineration an acceptable data-destruction method?
Respuesta
Only through an authorized facility that can handle the material safely and meet legal and environmental requirements.
Tarjeta 391
Pregunta
What does private browsing protect on a shared computer?
Respuesta
It reduces local history and cookie retention after the session. It does not hide activity from the network or service, so sign out and clear sensitive data as policy requires.
Tarjeta 392
Pregunta
How does a dictionary attack differ from a general brute-force attack?
Respuesta
A dictionary attack tries likely words and known password patterns; brute force systematically tries possibilities. Long, unique passwords and rate limits make both harder.
Tarjeta 393
Pregunta
How do SSO and SAML commonly work together?
Respuesta
SSO lets one sign-in reach multiple services; SAML can carry trusted authentication claims between an identity provider and a service.
Tarjeta 394
Pregunta
Why disable UPnP and unused inbound ports when they are not required?
Respuesta
They can create unnecessary paths into the network. Open only the specific service and source access the business needs.
Tarjeta 395
Pregunta
What symptom often points to an unauthorized cryptominer?
Respuesta
Unexplained sustained CPU or GPU use, heat, fan noise, or power consumption. Confirm the process before removal.
Tarjeta 396
Pregunta
What should an outsourced destruction vendor provide?
Respuesta
A traceable certificate of destruction or recycling tied to the assets. Confirm the vendor and chain of custody before release.
Tarjeta 397
Pregunta
When is just-in-time privileged access safer than a standing admin account?
Respuesta
It grants elevated rights only for an approved task and limited time. Privileged access management can control and record that elevation.
Tarjeta 398
Pregunta
What follow-up checks belong after malware removal?
Respuesta
Run updated scans, patch the system, schedule ongoing scans and updates, and verify normal behavior before reconnecting fully.
Tarjeta 399
Pregunta
Which input flaws commonly enable SQL injection and cross-site scripting?
Respuesta
SQL injection reaches a database through unsafe query input; XSS injects script into content a browser renders. Use parameterized queries for SQL and context-aware output encoding for browser content.
Tarjeta 400
Pregunta
Which mobile controls help after a managed phone is lost?
Respuesta
A locator, remote lock or wipe, device encryption, and a current remote backup. Test enrollment before the device disappears.
Tarjeta 401
Pregunta
Which control is designed to detect or block sensitive data from leaving approved boundaries?
Respuesta
Data loss prevention, or DLP. It applies rules to data in use, in motion, or at rest according to policy.
Tarjeta 402
Pregunta
When is port forwarding appropriate on a small network?
Respuesta
Use it only for an approved service that must receive inbound traffic. Prefer a screened subnet or other isolation for exposed systems, and document the narrow rule.
Tarjeta 403
Pregunta
Why can fileless malware be hard to detect?
Respuesta
It relies heavily on memory and legitimate system tools instead of leaving a normal executable on disk. Behavior monitoring is especially useful.
Tarjeta 404
Pregunta
Why are unpatched, end-of-life, or unmanaged BYOD systems a security risk?
Respuesta
They may lack current fixes, controls, or visibility. Enforce support and access policy instead of assuming a connected device is safe.
Tarjeta 405
Pregunta
What must guide disposal of batteries, storage devices, and electronics?
Respuesta
Applicable data-retention, privacy, environmental, and recycling rules. Record asset disposition according to policy.
Tarjeta 406
Pregunta
What should an email security gateway do before a message reaches the user?
Respuesta
Filter suspicious senders, links, attachments, and spoofing signals. Users should still verify unusual requests through a known channel.
Tarjeta 407
Pregunta
Which service commonly provides centralized authentication for enterprise Wi-Fi?
Respuesta
RADIUS. It validates users or devices against a central identity source; TACACS+ is more commonly associated with network-device administration.
Tarjeta 408
Pregunta
How does MDM reduce risk on BYOD and corporate-owned mobile devices?
Respuesta
MDM applies profiles, screen-lock rules, updates, app controls, and remote actions. The policy should clearly separate company requirements from personal privacy.
Tarjeta 409
Pregunta
How does a potentially unwanted program differ from clearly malicious malware?
Respuesta
A PUP may be installed with nominal consent but still adds unwanted behavior, such as aggressive ads or browser changes. Remove it through approved tools and review bundled installers.
Tarjeta 410
Pregunta
What should the technician explain to the user after a malware incident?
Respuesta
Explain the likely entry point and practical prevention steps, such as safer links, trusted downloads, updates, and prompt reporting.
Tarjeta 411
Pregunta
What is the first useful action after a Windows blue-screen crash?
Respuesta
Record the stop code and recent changes, then check relevant logs and dumps. Do not replace hardware from the blue screen alone.
Tarjeta 412
Pregunta
What should you try first when one mobile app will not launch?
Respuesta
Force-close the app, reopen it, and check for an update. If the problem persists, restart the device and verify the app still supports the OS.
Tarjeta 413
Pregunta
What should you do after finding an unapproved app already installed on a managed phone?
Respuesta
Document it and follow policy to block or remove it through the approved mobile-management process. Do not open it for testing; if compromise is plausible, contain the phone and escalate before wiping evidence.
Tarjeta 414
Pregunta
What should you do if a possibly infected PC suddenly cannot reach the network?
Respuesta
Check ordinary link and IP status, but keep the PC isolated if compromise is plausible. Do not weaken the firewall just to restore access.
Tarjeta 415
Pregunta
Where should you start when Windows feels broadly slow?
Respuesta
Check Task Manager for CPU, memory, disk, and startup pressure. Correlate the bottleneck with recent apps, updates, storage, and temperature.
Tarjeta 416
Pregunta
How should you handle a mobile app that repeatedly crashes while in use?
Respuesta
Reproduce the trigger, free needed resources, update the app and OS, and clear supported app cache or reinstall after protecting its data.
Tarjeta 417
Pregunta
Why should developer mode be disabled on a normal user's mobile device?
Respuesta
It can expose debugging, installation, or control paths that normal operation does not need. Enable it only for an authorized task and turn it off afterward.
Tarjeta 418
Pregunta
What do unfamiliar security alerts on the Windows desktop require?
Respuesta
Verify which installed product or process created them. Capture the message and avoid clicking it until its source is trusted.
Tarjeta 419
Pregunta
What should you try when Windows reaches recovery but not the normal desktop?
Respuesta
Use Startup Repair or Safe Mode to isolate the boot problem. Back up accessible data before risky repair steps.
Tarjeta 420
Pregunta
What commonly blocks a mobile app update?
Respuesta
Low storage, poor connectivity, account or store issues, device policy, or OS incompatibility. Read the exact store error before changing settings.
Tarjeta 421
Pregunta
What security boundary changes when a phone is rooted or jailbroken?
Respuesta
Platform protections and app isolation may be bypassed. Treat the device as noncompliant and restore it through an approved process.
Tarjeta 422
Pregunta
How can you recognize a fake antivirus warning?
Respuesta
It often uses urgent claims, an unfamiliar brand, or a demand to click, call, or pay. Open the approved security tool directly instead of using the alert.
Tarjeta 423
Pregunta
What does a firmware message saying no operating system was found suggest checking first?
Respuesta
Check whether the system drive is detected and first in the intended boot order. Then inspect its connection, partition, and boot data.
Tarjeta 424
Pregunta
What should you verify when a mobile app will not install?
Respuesta
Verify the source, device and OS compatibility, free storage, account licensing, and management policy.
Tarjeta 425
Pregunta
What clues suggest a mobile app is spoofing a legitimate one?
Respuesta
A mismatched publisher, unusual icon or name, excessive permissions, unexpected sign-in, or an unofficial source. Verify the real listing before entering credentials.
Tarjeta 426
Pregunta
What can unexplained renamed or missing personal files indicate?
Respuesta
Malware, ransomware, account misuse, sync trouble, or storage failure are possible. Isolate the scope and preserve evidence before recovery attempts.
Tarjeta 427
Pregunta
What evidence helps separate thermal shutdowns from power failures?
Respuesta
Review temperatures, fan operation, vents, power events, and whether the failure follows load. Test one likely cause at a time.
Tarjeta 428
Pregunta
Where should you start with a generally slow phone or tablet?
Respuesta
Check free storage, active downloads, background apps, battery condition, and pending updates. Restart before considering a reset.
Tarjeta 429
Pregunta
What should unexplained high mobile network traffic make you inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect per-app data use, recent installations, cloud sync, hotspots, and management alerts. Isolate the device if malicious traffic is plausible.
Tarjeta 430
Pregunta
What does sudden inability to open many files suggest checking?
Respuesta
Check extensions, ransom notes, permissions, storage health, and backup status. Widespread encryption may indicate ransomware.
Tarjeta 431
Pregunta
What should you inspect when a Windows service will not start?
Respuesta
Check its startup type, dependencies, logon account, permissions, and Event Viewer message. Fix the recorded cause rather than repeatedly forcing a start.
Tarjeta 432
Pregunta
A mobile OS update downloads but fails verification or installation. What should you try before resetting the device?
Respuesta
Record the exact error and check free storage first. Then use the OS vendor's supported controls to remove the incomplete update and download a fresh copy with reliable power and a stable network connection; use recovery only if the normal updater still fails.
Tarjeta 433
Pregunta
How can security trouble cause degraded mobile response time?
Respuesta
A malicious or unwanted app may consume CPU, storage, or network resources. Compare resource use with recent apps before removing anything.
Tarjeta 434
Pregunta
Where should you investigate unwanted Windows notifications?
Respuesta
Check notification settings, browser site permissions, startup apps, and recently installed software. Remove the source rather than only muting the symptom.
Tarjeta 435
Pregunta
How should you isolate an application that keeps crashing?
Respuesta
Confirm the scope, reproduce it, check logs, update the app, and test its plug-ins or profile. Reinstall only after preserving needed settings and data.
Tarjeta 436
Pregunta
How do you find the likely cause of sudden mobile battery drain?
Respuesta
Review battery usage by app and system feature, then compare with recent updates, signal conditions, screen use, and battery health.
Tarjeta 437
Pregunta
What should you check after an unexpected mobile data-limit notification?
Respuesta
Review per-app usage and the billing period, then inspect background sync, hotspot use, updates, and unknown apps.
Tarjeta 438
Pregunta
Why can repeated OS update failures be a security clue?
Respuesta
Malware may block updates, though storage, network, or service faults are also common. Investigate the exact error and other symptoms before deciding.
Tarjeta 439
Pregunta
What should a low-memory warning lead you to inspect?
Respuesta
Inspect memory pressure, runaway processes, page-file health, and workload requirements. Closing one app may help briefly but does not explain repeated warnings.
Tarjeta 440
Pregunta
What is a useful first isolation step for random mobile reboots?
Respuesta
Remove or disable the most recent app or configuration change, update the OS, and check storage and temperature. Back up before a reset.
Tarjeta 441
Pregunta
What security setting can cause limited mobile internet access even with a good signal?
Respuesta
A bad VPN, proxy, DNS, content-filtering, or management profile can restrict traffic. Compare the configuration with approved policy.
Tarjeta 442
Pregunta
What is a useful first check for random browser pop-ups?
Respuesta
Inspect site-notification permissions, extensions, startup pages, and recently installed software. Do not click inside the pop-up.
Tarjeta 443
Pregunta
What is a sensible first response to a USB controller resource warning?
Respuesta
Disconnect nonessential USB devices, remove unpowered hubs, and check Device Manager. Then update the controller or chipset driver if the evidence supports it.
Tarjeta 444
Pregunta
What is the normal first fix for a Bluetooth pairing problem?
Respuesta
Confirm both devices are discoverable and compatible, then forget the old pairing and pair again. Check distance, battery, and interference.
Tarjeta 445
Pregunta
What should you do if normal connectivity checks pass but a phone still has no internet after a suspicious app install?
Respuesta
Isolate the phone, remove or quarantine the suspicious app through the approved process, and inspect VPN, proxy, DNS, and profile changes.
Tarjeta 446
Pregunta
When does a browser certificate warning point to more than a bad website?
Respuesta
Warnings across several known-good sites can indicate wrong system time, interception, a proxy, or a trust-store problem. Compare on a trusted network and device.
Tarjeta 447
Pregunta
What should you do when instability begins right after a driver update?
Respuesta
Roll back or replace that driver with a known-good supported version. Confirm stability before changing another component.
Tarjeta 448
Pregunta
What should you check when one phone cannot join a known Wi-Fi network?
Respuesta
Confirm the network and password, toggle Wi-Fi, forget and rejoin the network, then compare with another device before resetting network settings.
Tarjeta 449
Pregunta
What commonly causes a sudden flood of ads across a mobile device?
Respuesta
Adware or a PUP is likely, especially after a recent install. Identify the responsible app instead of tapping the ads.
Tarjeta 450
Pregunta
What settings should you inspect when browser searches redirect unexpectedly?
Respuesta
Inspect the default search provider, home page, extensions, proxy, DNS, and hosts file. Record unauthorized changes before correcting them.
Tarjeta 451
Pregunta
How can you test whether a slow Windows sign-in is tied to one user profile?
Respuesta
Sign in with a known-good local profile and compare. Then inspect profile corruption, startup items, scripts, and redirected resources.
Tarjeta 452
Pregunta
What should you check when NFC works only intermittently?
Respuesta
Confirm NFC is enabled, unlock the device if required, align the NFC areas closely, and remove a case that may block the signal.
Tarjeta 453
Pregunta
How should you respond to a mobile pop-up claiming the device is infected?
Respuesta
Treat it as a likely fake security warning. Do not tap its button; close the source, inspect recent apps or browser data, and scan with approved tools.
Tarjeta 454
Pregunta
What should you compare when mobile data fails but Wi-Fi works?
Respuesta
Check airplane mode, cellular enablement, signal, data limits, SIM or eSIM state, carrier settings, and any provider outage.
Tarjeta 455
Pregunta
What is the priority when personal files appear to have leaked from a mobile device?
Respuesta
Contain the device and affected accounts, preserve relevant evidence, and follow the incident process. Revoke exposed sessions or credentials from a trusted device.
Tarjeta 456
Pregunta
Why might a mobile screen refuse to rotate?
Respuesta
Rotation lock may be enabled, the app may not support that orientation, or a motion sensor may be stuck. Check the setting before hardware diagnosis.
Tarjeta 457
Pregunta
What can unexpected mobile actions, permission prompts, or settings changes indicate?
Respuesta
An unauthorized or compromised app may be acting on the device. Review recent installs, permissions, profiles, and account activity.
Tarjeta 458
Pregunta
What makes a browser extension suspicious?
Respuesta
An unknown publisher, broad permissions, forced installation, hidden controls, or behavior unrelated to its stated job. Remove it through policy and inspect related changes.
Tarjeta 459
Pregunta
What should you verify when a Windows update repeatedly fails?
Respuesta
Check free space, restart state, network access, update history, and the specific error. Apply the vendor's targeted repair steps for that code.
Tarjeta 460
Pregunta
When should you reset a mobile device during troubleshooting?
Respuesta
Reset only after narrower fixes fail and a current backup exists. Confirm account credentials and management enrollment needed for recovery.
Tarjeta 461
Pregunta
What causes system time to drift repeatedly after shutdown?
Respuesta
A failing CMOS battery is one possibility; a bad time source or synchronization setting is another. Check when the drift occurs before replacing anything.
Tarjeta 462
Pregunta
What PC settings can malware alter to reroute traffic?
Respuesta
Proxy, DNS, browser, and hosts-file settings are common targets. Compare them with the approved network configuration.
Tarjeta 463
Pregunta
How can a clean boot help with a Windows startup problem?
Respuesta
It starts Windows with a reduced set of nonessential services and startup items. Re-enable items in groups to identify the conflict.
Tarjeta 464
Pregunta
How should you troubleshoot a browser that has become much slower than the rest of the PC?
Respuesta
Test without unneeded extensions, clear only appropriate cache data, check browser tasks, and compare a clean profile. Scan if the behavior is suspicious.
Tarjeta 465
Pregunta
What is the safest next step when several mobile security symptoms appear together?
Respuesta
Disconnect or contain the device, document the symptoms, and escalate through the approved security process. Avoid wiping evidence unless the response plan authorizes it.
Tarjeta 466
Pregunta
Which details belong at the start of a support ticket?
Respuesta
Record the user, device, contact method, affected service, and a clear issue description. Add the time and business impact when relevant.
Tarjeta 467
Pregunta
When is sfc /scannow a useful Windows repair step?
Respuesta
Use it when protected system files may be damaged. Run it elevated and follow the result instead of assuming it fixes every boot or application fault.
Tarjeta 468
Pregunta
What should you do before running a repair that may change a failing Windows disk?
Respuesta
Protect recoverable data first, then check drive health and file-system evidence. A repair tool is not a substitute for replacing failing storage.
Tarjeta 469
Pregunta
What is the right overall response to convincing PC security symptoms?
Respuesta
Contain the system, document evidence, follow the malware or incident procedure, and restore trust with approved tools or a known-good image.
Tarjeta 470
Pregunta
What does a full backup contain?
Respuesta
A full backup copies all selected data in that backup set. It is simple to restore but usually takes the most time and space to create.
Tarjeta 471
Pregunta
Where should a technician look for handling and disposal guidance for a chemical product?
Respuesta
Use its current Safety Data Sheet and local policy. Follow the listed protective, spill, storage, and disposal instructions.
Tarjeta 472
Pregunta
What should a change request state before technical planning begins?
Respuesta
State the purpose, scope, change type, affected systems, owner, and desired date. A clear request makes impact and approval review possible.
Tarjeta 473
Pregunta
What does active listening look like in a support conversation?
Respuesta
Let the customer finish, ask focused questions, and restate the problem to confirm understanding. Avoid interrupting or jumping to a diagnosis.
Tarjeta 474
Pregunta
What does chain of custody record during an incident?
Respuesta
It records who collected, handled, transferred, stored, and accessed evidence, with dates and purpose. This supports integrity and accountability.
Tarjeta 475
Pregunta
What makes a ticket issue description useful to another technician?
Respuesta
It states expected and actual behavior, exact symptoms, scope, timing, and reproducible steps without guesses presented as facts.
Tarjeta 476
Pregunta
What does an incremental backup copy?
Respuesta
It copies data changed since the most recent backup of any type. Backup runs are small, but recovery may need the last full plus every later incremental.
Tarjeta 477
Pregunta
How should a technician respond to an angry customer?
Respuesta
Stay calm, acknowledge the impact, clarify the facts, and explain realistic next steps. Do not argue, blame, or dismiss the concern.
Tarjeta 478
Pregunta
Why does order of volatility matter when collecting incident evidence?
Respuesta
More temporary data can disappear first. Follow the response plan to capture volatile information before less volatile storage when authorized.
Tarjeta 479
Pregunta
Which script type is native to traditional Windows batch command processing?
Respuesta
A .bat file. VBScript uses .vbs for older Windows automation; review either script before running it with elevated rights.
Tarjeta 480
Pregunta
How do ventilation and dust control affect equipment reliability?
Respuesta
Clear airflow removes heat; controlled dust cleanup prevents blocked vents and conductive buildup. Use equipment-safe compressed air or vacuums.
Tarjeta 481
Pregunta
How should severity and escalation be recorded?
Respuesta
Tie severity to impact and urgency, then use the defined escalation level. Do not inflate it just to move the ticket faster.
Tarjeta 482
Pregunta
Why create a forensic copy instead of investigating the original drive directly?
Respuesta
A verified copy preserves the original evidence and lets analysis proceed with less risk of alteration. Follow authorization and incident policy.
Tarjeta 483
Pregunta
When is RDP a suitable remote-access choice?
Respuesta
Use RDP for an authorized Windows desktop session over a protected path. Limit exposed services, require strong authentication, and follow session policy.
Tarjeta 484
Pregunta
How should an ESD strap be used during internal PC work?
Respuesta
Attach it to an approved ground point while working on powered-down equipment. Pair it with an ESD-safe work surface when available.
Tarjeta 485
Pregunta
What protection does a UPS add beyond a surge suppressor?
Respuesta
A UPS provides temporary battery power and usually power conditioning, giving equipment time to ride through a brief outage or shut down safely.
Tarjeta 486
Pregunta
What should progress and resolution notes contain?
Respuesta
Record tests, results, changes, timestamps, and the confirmed outcome. Another technician should be able to continue without repeating work.
Tarjeta 487
Pregunta
Which data categories usually require stricter handling and retention rules?
Respuesta
Payment data, government identifiers, personally identifiable information, and healthcare data. Apply the relevant law, contract, and business policy.
Tarjeta 488
Pregunta
Which support tasks can AI assist without making the final decision?
Respuesta
AI can help summarize tickets, draft user instructions, search approved knowledge, or suggest diagnostic paths. A technician must verify the result.
Tarjeta 489
Pregunta
What is the first electrical-safety step before repairing a PC?
Respuesta
Shut it down and disconnect power. Follow the device's service procedure because some components can retain hazardous energy.
Tarjeta 490
Pregunta
How do SSH and VNC differ for remote support?
Respuesta
SSH provides an encrypted command-line session; VNC shares a graphical desktop and needs its own secure transport and authentication configuration.
Tarjeta 491
Pregunta
How should a technician set expectations for a repair?
Respuesta
Give a realistic timeline, explain options and dependencies, and send status updates when the estimate changes.
Tarjeta 492
Pregunta
Which script type gives Windows administrators structured access to system management?
Respuesta
A PowerShell .ps1 script. Execution policy is not a malware boundary, so verify the source, signature, and contents.
Tarjeta 493
Pregunta
What does a differential backup copy?
Respuesta
It copies data changed since the last full backup. Recovery normally needs the last full and the latest differential.
Tarjeta 494
Pregunta
Why do change plans need both a backup plan and a rollback plan?
Respuesta
The backup protects data; the rollback returns the service to its prior state if the change fails. Define triggers and responsible staff before implementation.
Tarjeta 495
Pregunta
How should loose components be handled and stored?
Respuesta
Hold boards by the edges, avoid contacts, and place them in antistatic packaging on an ESD-safe surface.
Tarjeta 496
Pregunta
Why monitor both temperature and humidity in an equipment room?
Respuesta
Excess heat shortens component life; very low humidity raises static risk, while high humidity can cause condensation or corrosion.
Tarjeta 497
Pregunta
What is a synthetic full backup?
Respuesta
It combines a previous full backup with later backup data to create a new full on the backup system. The source does not need to resend every file.
Tarjeta 498
Pregunta
How do an asset tag and a CMDB serve different support needs?
Respuesta
The asset tag identifies the physical item; the CMDB records its configuration and relationships. Keep assignment, warranty, and licensing data current.
Tarjeta 499
Pregunta
What should a technician verify before installing licensed software?
Respuesta
Verify a valid license, permitted user or device scope, and any EULA or DRM limits. Personal, corporate, perpetual, and open-source licenses grant different rights.
Tarjeta 500
Pregunta
Which script type is commonly used for shell automation on Linux and macOS?
Respuesta
A .sh shell script. Its interpreter, permissions, quoting, and environment determine how it runs.
Tarjeta 501
Pregunta
How do GFS rotation and the 3-2-1 backup rule differ?
Respuesta
GFS rotates daily, weekly, and monthly backup generations. The 3-2-1 rule keeps three copies on two different media/storage types, with one copy offsite. GFS organizes retention over time; 3-2-1 spreads copies across storage locations and failure modes.
Tarjeta 502
Pregunta
Which personal protective steps matter for lifting or dusty repair work?
Respuesta
Use safe lifting technique and get help for heavy equipment; wear approved eye or breathing protection when the task creates those hazards.
Tarjeta 503
Pregunta
What does a VPN add to a remote-management session?
Respuesta
It creates an encrypted network path to private resources. The remote tool still needs secure configuration, authentication, and least-privilege access.
Tarjeta 504
Pregunta
What policy questions should come before using AI at work?
Respuesta
Check approved tools, allowed data, required disclosure, ownership rules, and whether the task permits AI assistance. Do not assume a public tool is approved.
Tarjeta 505
Pregunta
Why should a technician avoid jargon when speaking with a customer?
Respuesta
Plain language helps the customer understand choices and give informed answers. Use a technical term only when it adds clarity, then explain it.
Tarjeta 506
Pregunta
What is the value of sandbox testing and peer review before a change?
Respuesta
They expose technical mistakes and unexpected impact away from production. Record results and remaining risk.
Tarjeta 507
Pregunta
What are practical entry-level uses for scripts in support work?
Respuesta
Scripts can collect information, remap drives, install approved apps, start updates, restart systems, or run backups consistently. Python .py and JavaScript .js files are common choices when the environment supports them.
Tarjeta 508
Pregunta
What is the benefit and main risk of an RMM platform?
Respuesta
RMM can monitor and manage many endpoints centrally; compromise or misuse can reach many endpoints too. Protect the console with strong access controls, logging, and updates.
Tarjeta 509
Pregunta
How should a technician handle a confident AI answer?
Respuesta
Verify it against trusted evidence. AI can hallucinate, carry bias, miss context, or present outdated information fluently.
Tarjeta 510
Pregunta
How do surges, brownouts, and blackouts differ?
Respuesta
A surge is excess voltage, a brownout is reduced voltage, and a blackout is a loss of power. Match surge protection and UPS capacity to the equipment.
Tarjeta 511
Pregunta
What must you review before running an unfamiliar support script?
Respuesta
Review its source, inputs, privileges, target systems, resource use, network actions, error handling, and rollback. A script can spread malware or change many systems quickly.
Tarjeta 512
Pregunta
How do an NDA and an acceptable use policy serve different purposes?
Respuesta
An NDA restricts disclosure of protected information; an AUP defines permitted use of systems and data. Follow both along with incident and compliance rules.
Tarjeta 513
Pregunta
When should a normal change wait even if the technical work is ready?
Respuesta
Wait for required approval and an allowed maintenance window. Respect change freezes unless the approved emergency process applies.
Tarjeta 514
Pregunta
Which support document should guide a repeatable task with an agreed method?
Respuesta
Use the relevant SOP or checklist. Consult the SLA for service commitments and the knowledge base for reusable diagnosis or resolution guidance.
Tarjeta 515
Pregunta
What should a technician do if arriving late is unavoidable?
Respuesta
Contact the customer promptly, give an honest revised time, and keep the new commitment. Document service provided and follow up as promised.
Tarjeta 516
Pregunta
What safety problems does good cable management prevent?
Respuesta
It reduces trip hazards, blocked airflow, connector strain, and accidental disconnection. Keep cables clear of heat and emergency access.
Tarjeta 517
Pregunta
How do you know a backup is usable?
Respuesta
Test restores on a defined schedule. Verify data integrity and practice both overwrite recovery and recovery to an alternative location.
Tarjeta 518
Pregunta
What closes a well-managed change?
Respuesta
Verify the implementation, obtain required user acceptance, update documentation, and review the outcome. Trigger rollback if the defined failure criteria occur.
Tarjeta 519
Pregunta
How should a technician handle private material visible on a customer's device?
Respuesta
View only what the task requires, avoid copying or discussing it, and follow privacy policy. Maintain professional appearance and conduct in the customer's environment.
Tarjeta 520
Pregunta
What data boundary applies when prompting a public AI service?
Respuesta
Never send credentials or secrets to a public AI service. Keep private customer data, regulated data, proprietary code, and incident evidence out as well. An approved enterprise AI service is a separate case: use it only under the organization's data policy and contractual controls, and still never paste credentials or secrets.

A generic laptop and computer repair tools arranged on a dark technical workbench with abstract network lights.

520 tarjetas

CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

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CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202 Flashcards: Core 1 and Core 2

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Learning order

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Scope, provenance, and reuse

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