Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
Practice major and minor keys, spelled key signatures, relative-key pairs, accidental order, and neighboring circle positions.
Sobre este mazo
Reading a finished circle is easy; recalling one relationship without the wheel is the useful part. These 87 text-only cards make you rebuild the circle of fifths from small, practical mappings.
What the cards practice
- Circle rule → musical change: recall what clockwise and counterclockwise moves do to the tonic and key signature, plus how relative keys and accidental order work.
- Major key → spelled signature: name every accidental for all 15 conventional spellings from C♭ major through C♯ major.
- Written accidental set → major and relative minor: reverse each of those 15 signatures without relying on a staff image.
- Major key ↔ relative minor: practice all 15 pairs in both directions, keeping spellings such as D♯ minor and E♭ minor distinct.
- Local circle move → neighboring major key: move clockwise or counterclockwise across every conventional adjacent pair, including the separate sharp-side and flat-side routes at the bottom.
- Enharmonic pair → spelling distinction: compare B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ by signature and relative minor.
The deck leaves out ear training, staff-image identification, chord progressions, and exhaustive scale spelling. Staff recognition is already covered by the Major & Minor Key Signatures deck; this deck focuses on recalling the relationships behind the diagram.
The order starts with interleaved reconstruction rules, introduces signatures from zero accidentals outward, and then separates reverse and relative-key prompts with deterministic strides. The final block interleaves neighbor moves and enharmonic comparisons after their spellings are familiar. The review scheduler handles longer-term spacing after installation.
Facts were independently checked against Open Music Theory, musictheory.net, and Berklee Online. The questions, answers, selection, sequence, metadata, and generated cover are shared under CC0 1.0 to the extent those original elements can be dedicated. Musical facts remain common knowledge. No third-party media or protected deck text was used.
Tarjetas de este mazo
Tarjeta 1
Pregunta
In what order are sharps added to key signatures?
Respuesta
F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
Tarjeta 2
Pregunta
What changes when you move one step clockwise on the circle of fifths?
Respuesta
The tonic moves up a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward sharps: add one sharp or remove one flat.
Tarjeta 3
Pregunta
What makes a major key and a minor key relative?
Respuesta
They share the same key signature. Their tonics and modes are different.
Tarjeta 4
Pregunta
How can you find a major key's relative minor tonic?
Respuesta
Go down a minor third from the major tonic. It is also scale degree 6 of the major scale.
Tarjeta 5
Pregunta
In what order are flats added to key signatures?
Respuesta
B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
Tarjeta 6
Pregunta
What changes when you move one step counterclockwise on the circle of fifths?
Respuesta
The tonic moves down a perfect fifth. The signature shifts one step toward flats: add one flat or remove one sharp.
Tarjeta 7
Pregunta
Why do 15 conventional major key signatures fit into 12 pitch-class positions?
Respuesta
Three positions have two enharmonic spellings. B/C♭, F♯/G♭, and C♯/D♭ sound alike in equal temperament but use different written signatures.
Tarjeta 8
Pregunta
How can you find a minor key's relative major tonic?
Respuesta
Go up a minor third from the minor tonic. It is also scale degree 3 of the natural minor scale.
Tarjeta 9
Pregunta
How are the conventional sharp and flat orders related?
Respuesta
They are exact reverses. F–C–G–D–A–E–B for sharps becomes B–E–A–D–G–C–F for flats.
Tarjeta 10
Pregunta
What is normally true of neighboring major keys on the circle?
Respuesta
Their key signatures differ by one accidental. Keep the sharp-side or flat-side spelling consistent at the enharmonic bottom.
Tarjeta 11
Pregunta
What is the key signature of C major?
Respuesta
No sharps or flats.
Tarjeta 12
Pregunta
What is the key signature of G major?
Respuesta
1 sharp: F♯.
Tarjeta 13
Pregunta
What is the key signature of F major?
Respuesta
1 flat: B♭.
Tarjeta 14
Pregunta
What is the key signature of D major?
Respuesta
2 sharps: F♯, C♯.
Tarjeta 15
Pregunta
What is the key signature of B♭ major?
Respuesta
2 flats: B♭, E♭.
Tarjeta 16
Pregunta
What is the key signature of A major?
Respuesta
3 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯.
Tarjeta 17
Pregunta
What is the key signature of E♭ major?
Respuesta
3 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭.
Tarjeta 18
Pregunta
What is the key signature of E major?
Respuesta
4 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯.
Tarjeta 19
Pregunta
What is the key signature of A♭ major?
Respuesta
4 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭.
Tarjeta 20
Pregunta
What is the key signature of B major?
Respuesta
5 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯.
Tarjeta 21
Pregunta
What is the key signature of D♭ major?
Respuesta
5 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭.
Tarjeta 22
Pregunta
What is the key signature of F♯ major?
Respuesta
6 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯.
Tarjeta 23
Pregunta
What is the key signature of G♭ major?
Respuesta
6 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭.
Tarjeta 24
Pregunta
What is the key signature of C♯ major?
Respuesta
7 sharps: F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯.
Tarjeta 25
Pregunta
What is the key signature of C♭ major?
Respuesta
7 flats: B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭.
Tarjeta 26
Pregunta
No sharps or flats — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
C major and A minor.
Tarjeta 27
Pregunta
2 flats (B♭, E♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
B♭ major and G minor.
Tarjeta 28
Pregunta
4 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
A♭ major and F minor.
Tarjeta 29
Pregunta
6 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
G♭ major and E♭ minor.
Tarjeta 30
Pregunta
1 sharp (F♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
G major and E minor.
Tarjeta 31
Pregunta
3 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
A major and F♯ minor.
Tarjeta 32
Pregunta
5 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
B major and G♯ minor.
Tarjeta 33
Pregunta
7 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯, B♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
C♯ major and A♯ minor.
Tarjeta 34
Pregunta
1 flat (B♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
F major and D minor.
Tarjeta 35
Pregunta
3 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
E♭ major and C minor.
Tarjeta 36
Pregunta
5 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
D♭ major and B♭ minor.
Tarjeta 37
Pregunta
7 flats (B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭, C♭, F♭) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
C♭ major and A♭ minor.
Tarjeta 38
Pregunta
2 sharps (F♯, C♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
D major and B minor.
Tarjeta 39
Pregunta
4 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
E major and C♯ minor.
Tarjeta 40
Pregunta
6 sharps (F♯, C♯, G♯, D♯, A♯, E♯) — name the conventional major key and its relative minor.
Respuesta
F♯ major and D♯ minor.
Tarjeta 41
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of C major?
Respuesta
A minor. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
Tarjeta 42
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of E major?
Respuesta
C♯ minor. Both keys have four sharps.
Tarjeta 43
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of C♭ major?
Respuesta
A♭ minor. Both keys have seven flats.
Tarjeta 44
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of E♭ major?
Respuesta
C minor. Both keys have three flats.
Tarjeta 45
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of C♯ major?
Respuesta
A♯ minor. Both keys have seven sharps.
Tarjeta 46
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of A major?
Respuesta
F♯ minor. Both keys have three sharps.
Tarjeta 47
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of G♭ major?
Respuesta
E♭ minor. Both keys have six flats.
Tarjeta 48
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of B♭ major?
Respuesta
G minor. Both keys have two flats.
Tarjeta 49
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of F♯ major?
Respuesta
D♯ minor. Both keys have six sharps.
Tarjeta 50
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of D major?
Respuesta
B minor. Both keys have two sharps.
Tarjeta 51
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of D♭ major?
Respuesta
B♭ minor. Both keys have five flats.
Tarjeta 52
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of F major?
Respuesta
D minor. Both keys have one flat.
Tarjeta 53
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of B major?
Respuesta
G♯ minor. Both keys have five sharps.
Tarjeta 54
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of G major?
Respuesta
E minor. Both keys have one sharp.
Tarjeta 55
Pregunta
What is the relative minor of A♭ major?
Respuesta
F minor. Both keys have four flats.
Tarjeta 56
Pregunta
What is the relative major of B minor?
Respuesta
D major. Both keys have two sharps.
Tarjeta 57
Pregunta
What is the relative major of A♭ minor?
Respuesta
C♭ major. Both keys have seven flats.
Tarjeta 58
Pregunta
What is the relative major of B♭ minor?
Respuesta
D♭ major. Both keys have five flats.
Tarjeta 59
Pregunta
What is the relative major of C minor?
Respuesta
E♭ major. Both keys have three flats.
Tarjeta 60
Pregunta
What is the relative major of D minor?
Respuesta
F major. Both keys have one flat.
Tarjeta 61
Pregunta
What is the relative major of A♯ minor?
Respuesta
C♯ major. Both keys have seven sharps.
Tarjeta 62
Pregunta
What is the relative major of G♯ minor?
Respuesta
B major. Both keys have five sharps.
Tarjeta 63
Pregunta
What is the relative major of F♯ minor?
Respuesta
A major. Both keys have three sharps.
Tarjeta 64
Pregunta
What is the relative major of E minor?
Respuesta
G major. Both keys have one sharp.
Tarjeta 65
Pregunta
What is the relative major of E♭ minor?
Respuesta
G♭ major. Both keys have six flats.
Tarjeta 66
Pregunta
What is the relative major of F minor?
Respuesta
A♭ major. Both keys have four flats.
Tarjeta 67
Pregunta
What is the relative major of G minor?
Respuesta
B♭ major. Both keys have two flats.
Tarjeta 68
Pregunta
What is the relative major of A minor?
Respuesta
C major. Both keys have no sharps or flats.
Tarjeta 69
Pregunta
What is the relative major of D♯ minor?
Respuesta
F♯ major. Both keys have six sharps.
Tarjeta 70
Pregunta
What is the relative major of C♯ minor?
Respuesta
E major. Both keys have four sharps.
Tarjeta 71
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
B major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces six sharps to five.
Tarjeta 72
Pregunta
How do C♯ major and D♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Respuesta
C♯ major has seven sharps; D♭ major has five flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled A♯ minor and B♭ minor.
Tarjeta 73
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
G major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one sharp.
Tarjeta 74
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
A major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases two sharps to three.
Tarjeta 75
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
C♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases six flats to seven.
Tarjeta 76
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
B major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases four sharps to five.
Tarjeta 77
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
D♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases four flats to five.
Tarjeta 78
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from D major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
G major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces two sharps to one.
Tarjeta 79
Pregunta
How do F♯ major and G♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Respuesta
F♯ major has six sharps; G♭ major has six flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled D♯ minor and E♭ minor.
Tarjeta 80
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
F major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces two flats to one.
Tarjeta 81
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from E major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
A major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and reduces four sharps to three.
Tarjeta 82
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from A♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
E♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces four flats to three.
Tarjeta 83
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from G♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
D♭ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and reduces six flats to five.
Tarjeta 84
Pregunta
How do B major and C♭ major differ at the enharmonic bottom of the circle?
Respuesta
B major has five sharps; C♭ major has seven flats. Their tonics are enharmonic in equal temperament, but their relative minors are spelled G♯ minor and A♭ minor.
Tarjeta 85
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from C major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
F major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and changes no accidentals to one flat.
Tarjeta 86
Pregunta
Move one step counterclockwise from B♭ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
E♭ major. The move goes down a perfect fifth and increases two flats to three.
Tarjeta 87
Pregunta
Move one step clockwise from F♯ major. Which major key is next?
Respuesta
C♯ major. The move goes up a perfect fifth and increases six sharps to seven.
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Circle of Fifths Flashcards: Keys, Signatures & Relative Minors
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