TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

Study the 12 current TOEFL iBT task types with 180 original cards on vocabulary, sentence patterns, task decisions, and reusable strategy cues.

Sobre este mazo

The TOEFL iBT changed worldwide on January 21, 2026. This independently written English deck gives you a compact active-recall layer for the current format: 180 cards across all 12 Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking task types.

Reviewed for the 2026 TOEFL iBT format.

What the cards ask you to retrieve

  • current task name → format and skill being measured
  • partial word or short original context → spelling, meaning, or word form
  • sentence cue → grammatical structure
  • original scenario or common miss pattern → the next useful decision
  • communicative purpose → a natural response, email, discussion, or speaking move
  • claim, detail, transition, or speaker cue → its role in comprehension

The sequence starts with a map of the 12 tasks, then follows the test order: Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking. Within each task, basic recognition comes before strategy decisions and production cues. Every card has the root toefl-ibt tag and one section tag.

What's deliberately left out

This deck is not a full TOEFL course, test simulation, official preparation product, or promise of a score. It does not reproduce adaptive Reading or Listening, one-play audio, pronunciation assessment, spontaneous speaking, or complete timed writing. Return to current ETS materials for that performance practice.

The deck also excludes copied exam questions, passages, answer choices, scoring rubrics, mark schemes, and curriculum text. It does not mechanically add definition-to-word reverse cards, because isolated reverse recall is often ambiguous; production directions appear only when a specific context or sentence makes the answer useful and clear.

Scope was reviewed against the current ETS test content page and the TOEFL iBT 2026 Test Blueprint and Specifications. Check those official sources for current requirements and later changes.

Facts and official task names are not claimed as original. The CC0 dedication applies to the deck's independently written prompts, answers, examples, organization, metadata, and original generated cover to the extent the contributor can dedicate those elements.

This independent, unofficial deck is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by ETS. TOEFL® and TOEFL iBT® are trademarks of ETS. No official questions, mark schemes, scoring rubrics, curriculum passages, logos, or trade dress are copied.

Tarjetas de este mazo

  1. Tarjeta 1

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — when did the current test format take effect?

    Respuesta

    January 21, 2026.

  2. Tarjeta 2

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what is the section order in the current test?

    Respuesta

    Reading, Listening, Writing, then Speaking.

  3. Tarjeta 3

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — how much time should you allow for the full test session?

    Respuesta

    About two hours. The published section base times do not include directions, and adaptive sections can vary.

  4. Tarjeta 4

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — which sections use a multistage adaptive design?

    Respuesta

    Reading and Listening.

  5. Tarjeta 5

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what does two-stage adaptivity mean for your Reading or Listening path?

    Respuesta

    Your performance in the first, routing stage determines whether you receive a lower- or upper-level second module.

  6. Tarjeta 6

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what score scale applies to tests taken from January 21, 2026?

    Respuesta

    The 1–6 scale. During a two-year transition, ETS also reports a comparable overall score on the 0–120 scale.

  7. Tarjeta 7

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the Reading section's published base size and time?

    Respuesta

    50 items in approximately 30 minutes. The actual item count and time may vary as the test adapts.

  8. Tarjeta 8

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Reading task types?

    Respuesta

    Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life, and Read an Academic Passage.

  9. Tarjeta 9

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the four Listening task types?

    Respuesta

    Listen and Choose a Response, Listen to a Conversation, Listen to an Announcement, and Listen to an Academic Talk.

  10. Tarjeta 10

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the three Writing task types?

    Respuesta

    Build a Sentence, Write an Email, and Write for an Academic Discussion.

  11. Tarjeta 11

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what are the two Speaking task types?

    Respuesta

    Listen and Repeat, and Take an Interview.

  12. Tarjeta 12

    Pregunta

    TOEFL iBT overview — what minimum participation is required for the test to be scored?

    Respuesta

    Answer at least one Reading item and one Listening item, and complete at least one Speaking task and one Writing task.

  13. Tarjeta 13

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what core ability does this task measure?

    Respuesta

    Processing an academic text for both meaning and form, including vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.

  14. Tarjeta 14

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what kind of text do you complete?

    Respuesta

    An academic paragraph of roughly 70–100 words.

  15. Tarjeta 15

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what is special about the paragraph's opening sentence?

    Respuesta

    It is complete. Use it to establish the topic and context before filling any gaps.

  16. Tarjeta 16

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — which parts of words disappear after the opening sentence?

    Respuesta

    The latter half of every second word.

  17. Tarjeta 17

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — how many words have missing letters in each text?

    Respuesta

    Ten words.

  18. Tarjeta 18

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what do you supply for each incomplete word?

    Respuesta

    The missing letters that restore the original word.

  19. Tarjeta 19

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — which context should you check first for a difficult gap?

    Respuesta

    The whole sentence around the gap. It usually reveals the needed grammar and immediate meaning.

  20. Tarjeta 20

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — how does identifying the missing word's part of speech help?

    Respuesta

    It narrows the possibilities to the needed noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or function word.

  21. Tarjeta 21

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — how should you use the letters that remain visible?

    Respuesta

    Treat them as a fixed word beginning, then test completions that fit both grammar and meaning.

  22. Tarjeta 22

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — why is a locally plausible word not always enough?

    Respuesta

    It must also fit the paragraph's larger idea. A grammatical word can still make the passage incoherent.

  23. Tarjeta 23

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The committee approved an alloc_____ of funds to the library.

    Respuesta

    allocation — the article an and the phrase of funds call for the noun form of allocate.

  24. Tarjeta 24

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: A careful anal____ of the samples revealed the pattern.

    Respuesta

    analysis — the adjective careful and the phrase of the samples call for a noun.

  25. Tarjeta 25

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The findings provide clear evid____ for the new explanation.

    Respuesta

    evidenceprovide clear ... for requires the noun form.

  26. Tarjeta 26

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Seasonal vari_____ in rainfall affects the reservoir.

    Respuesta

    variation — the adjective seasonal, the singular verb affects, and the preposition in point to this noun form of vary.

  27. Tarjeta 27

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Regular maint______ keeps the laboratory equipment safe.

    Respuesta

    maintenance — the adjective regular calls for the noun meaning upkeep.

  28. Tarjeta 28

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The source is reli____ because its methods are transparent.

    Respuesta

    reliable — the linking verb is calls for the adjective form of rely.

  29. Tarjeta 29

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: The distances were measured accur_____ before comparison.

    Respuesta

    accurately — the missing word modifies were measured, so the adverb form is needed.

  30. Tarjeta 30

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — finish the academic word in context: Each participant made a contri______ to the final report.

    Respuesta

    contributiona ... to calls for the singular noun form of contribute.

  31. Tarjeta 31

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what should you do if one gap is taking too long?

    Respuesta

    Enter the strongest context-based completion, continue, and revisit it if time remains.

  32. Tarjeta 32

    Pregunta

    Complete the Words — what practice method matches the real task better than isolated spelling drills?

    Respuesta

    Restore missing letters inside complete academic paragraphs, using syntax and meaning together.

  33. Tarjeta 33

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — what kind of material appears in this task?

    Respuesta

    Short, nonacademic texts drawn from ordinary daily situations.

  34. Tarjeta 34

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — about how long can a text be?

    Respuesta

    Roughly 15–150 words.

  35. Tarjeta 35

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — how many questions usually follow one text?

    Respuesta

    Two or three multiple-choice questions, depending on the text's length.

  36. Tarjeta 36

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — which text formats should you be ready to see?

    Respuesta

    Everyday formats such as notices, schedules, emails, messages, menus, forms, receipts, advertisements, and web posts.

  37. Tarjeta 37

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — how should you read a schedule, menu, or form?

    Respuesta

    Follow its layout first. Headings, rows, columns, labels, and symbols show how the information is organized.

  38. Tarjeta 38

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — what should you identify when a question asks why the text was written?

    Respuesta

    The writer's main purpose, such as informing, requesting, warning, inviting, or advertising.

  39. Tarjeta 39

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — what is the fastest way to find one date, price, place, or deadline?

    Respuesta

    Scan for the exact detail and its label instead of rereading every line at the same speed.

  40. Tarjeta 40

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — how should you handle an unfamiliar informal phrase?

    Respuesta

    Infer its practical meaning from the situation, tone, and nearby words.

  41. Tarjeta 41

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — what evidence supports an implied-meaning answer?

    Respuesta

    Several clues in the text that point to the same conclusion, even though it is not stated directly.

  42. Tarjeta 42

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — how should you interpret telegraphic wording such as No entry after 6?

    Respuesta

    Expand the compressed wording into its full practical message: entry is not allowed after 6.

  43. Tarjeta 43

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — how can you resolve a pronoun such as it or they?

    Respuesta

    Match it to the nearby noun that fits both the grammar and the message's meaning.

  44. Tarjeta 44

    Pregunta

    Read in Daily Life — what quick workflow balances speed with accuracy?

    Respuesta

    Skim for purpose and layout, read the question, then scan the text for the specific evidence.

  45. Tarjeta 45

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what kind of text appears in this task?

    Respuesta

    A short expository passage like one used in secondary or higher education.

  46. Tarjeta 46

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — about how long is each passage?

    Respuesta

    Approximately 200 words.

  47. Tarjeta 47

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how many questions follow a passage?

    Respuesta

    Five questions.

  48. Tarjeta 48

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — which subject areas may appear?

    Respuesta

    Fields such as history, arts, business, economics, life science, physical science, and social science.

  49. Tarjeta 49

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — do you need prior knowledge of the topic?

    Respuesta

    No. The passage provides the information needed to answer its questions.

  50. Tarjeta 50

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — can you refer back to the text while answering?

    Respuesta

    Yes. The reading text remains visible throughout the task.

  51. Tarjeta 51

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what should a main-idea answer cover?

    Respuesta

    The passage's central point, broad enough to include its major supporting ideas without adding a new claim.

  52. Tarjeta 52

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you verify an answer about a factual detail?

    Respuesta

    Locate the relevant sentence, then check enough surrounding context to avoid reversing or overstating the fact.

  53. Tarjeta 53

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you determine a word's meaning in context?

    Respuesta

    Substitute each plausible meaning into the sentence and keep the one that fits the local idea and tone.

  54. Tarjeta 54

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what makes an inference defensible?

    Respuesta

    It follows from evidence in the passage without requiring an unsupported extra assumption.

  55. Tarjeta 55

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how can you track the relationship between two ideas?

    Respuesta

    Name the link explicitly: cause and effect, contrast, comparison, example, sequence, or problem and solution.

  56. Tarjeta 56

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what does a rhetorical-structure question ask you to recognize?

    Respuesta

    How the author organizes information to develop the passage, such as by comparison or cause and effect.

  57. Tarjeta 57

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how is an author's-purpose question different from a detail question?

    Respuesta

    It asks why the author included a statement or section, not merely what that part says.

  58. Tarjeta 58

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you unpack a long sentence with complex grammar?

    Respuesta

    Find the main subject and verb first, then attach modifying phrases and clauses to the ideas they describe.

  59. Tarjeta 59

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how should you interpret figurative or idiomatic language?

    Respuesta

    Use the surrounding claim and tone to recover the intended meaning, rather than reading every word literally.

  60. Tarjeta 60

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — how can a paragraph's first and last sentences help?

    Respuesta

    They often reveal the paragraph's main role, while the middle supplies explanation or evidence.

  61. Tarjeta 61

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what should decide between the passage and your outside knowledge?

    Respuesta

    The passage. Choose the answer supported by the text even when you know more about the topic.

  62. Tarjeta 62

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what do signal words such as however, because, and for example reveal?

    Respuesta

    The logical move between ideas: contrast, cause, or illustration.

  63. Tarjeta 63

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — which wrong answers should you eliminate first?

    Respuesta

    Choices that contradict the text, distort its scope, or answer a different question.

  64. Tarjeta 64

    Pregunta

    Read an Academic Passage — what is the most efficient rereading strategy after you see a question?

    Respuesta

    Return to the relevant sentence or paragraph, then widen the context only if the answer depends on a larger relationship.

  65. Tarjeta 65

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what do you do after hearing the prompt?

    Respuesta

    Choose the reply that best fits the prompt. Match the speaker's meaning and purpose, not just a repeated word.

  66. Tarjeta 66

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — which abilities does this task target?

    Respuesta

    Understanding meaning, speaker intent, and common patterns of spoken English. The best response must make sense in the exchange.

  67. Tarjeta 67

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you identify before comparing the options?

    Respuesta

    The prompt's communicative purpose. Decide whether it is a question, request, suggestion, apology, invitation, or comment.

  68. Tarjeta 68

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — how does a question word narrow the answer?

    Respuesta

    It signals the information needed. For example, when calls for a time, while why calls for a reason.

  69. Tarjeta 69

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — why can a response without yes or no fit a yes-or-no question?

    Respuesta

    An indirect reply can still answer the real question. The lab closes at six can explain whether there is time to visit it.

  70. Tarjeta 70

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what makes a reply suitable for a request?

    Respuesta

    It accepts, refuses, or addresses the requested action naturally. A reply about the same topic can still miss the request.

  71. Tarjeta 71

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the updated Listening section's published base length?

    Respuesta

    47 items in about 29 minutes. ETS notes that item count and time may vary as the section adapts.

  72. Tarjeta 72

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — how should you handle a negatively worded question?

    Respuesta

    Work out the speaker's actual concern before choosing. Do not select an option only because it repeats the negative word.

  73. Tarjeta 73

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what is the repeated-word trap?

    Respuesta

    A distractor echoes vocabulary from the prompt but does not form a logical reply. Test the conversational link, not the word match.

  74. Tarjeta 74

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what should you do with an unfamiliar expression?

    Respuesta

    Infer its function from tone and context. You often need the speaker's intent more than a word-for-word definition.

  75. Tarjeta 75

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — when two options are grammatical, what decides between them?

    Respuesta

    Conversational relevance. Choose the option a person would naturally say next in that situation.

  76. Tarjeta 76

    Pregunta

    Listen and Choose a Response — what does multistage adaptive mean for the Listening section?

    Respuesta

    The section adjusts to your ability as you progress. Its four task types stay the same, but the item count and timing may vary.

  77. Tarjeta 77

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — what setting is most typical?

    Respuesta

    A campus-life conversation between two people. The exchange may involve a problem, plan, service, class, or student activity.

  78. Tarjeta 78

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — which four kinds of understanding does ETS emphasize?

    Respuesta

    Main ideas, key details, speaker intent, and implied meaning. Listen for both what is said and why it is said.

  79. Tarjeta 79

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — how can you capture the main idea in one line?

    Respuesta

    Write the speakers' shared purpose or central problem. A topic label alone is usually too broad.

  80. Tarjeta 80

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — what should you track about each speaker?

    Respuesta

    Each speaker's role and goal. Knowing who needs information, approval, or action makes the exchange easier to follow.

  81. Tarjeta 81

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — what compact note pattern fits a problem-solving exchange?

    Respuesta

    Problem → options → decision. Add the reason for the final choice if the speakers give one.

  82. Tarjeta 82

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — which details are most worth writing down?

    Respuesta

    Details that change the plan or explain a choice. Dates, requirements, obstacles, and decisions usually matter more than examples or greetings.

  83. Tarjeta 83

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — how can tone reveal speaker intent?

    Respuesta

    Tone can show doubt, relief, hesitation, politeness, or disagreement. Combine it with the speaker's words before inferring intent.

  84. Tarjeta 84

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — what supports a sound inference?

    Respuesta

    Two or more clues from the exchange. Choose what follows from the speakers' words and situation, not what is merely possible.

  85. Tarjeta 85

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — why should you expect paraphrases in the options?

    Respuesta

    Correct answers often restate the audio with different words. Match the idea rather than waiting for an exact phrase.

  86. Tarjeta 86

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — how can a two-column note layout help?

    Respuesta

    Give each speaker a column. This keeps requests, objections, and decisions attached to the right person.

  87. Tarjeta 87

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — how do you predict a likely next action?

    Respuesta

    Use the final decision plus any stated condition. The next action should follow directly from where the speakers leave the situation.

  88. Tarjeta 88

    Pregunta

    Listen to a Conversation — why can one memorable sentence be misleading?

    Respuesta

    A single sentence may describe an option that the speakers later reject. Follow the whole exchange before choosing the outcome.

  89. Tarjeta 89

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — where does this task usually take place?

    Respuesta

    In an academic or campus setting. Expect a focused message about information students or staff need to act on.

  90. Tarjeta 90

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — which abilities does the task measure?

    Respuesta

    Understanding purpose, key information, implied meaning, and likely next actions. The message often combines facts with instructions.

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  91. Tarjeta 91

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — what should your first note capture?

    Respuesta

    The announcement's purpose. Write the reason for the message before collecting its supporting logistics.

  92. Tarjeta 92

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — which four logistics labels keep notes organized?

    Respuesta

    Who, what, when, and where. Add a required action when the message asks listeners to do something.

  93. Tarjeta 93

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — which words often signal a change to an earlier plan?

    Respuesta

    Words such as instead, now, rescheduled, and rather than. Put the updated information in your notes, not just the original plan.

  94. Tarjeta 94

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you record a reason and its result?

    Respuesta

    Link them as cause → consequence. This prevents you from confusing why the change happened with what listeners must do.

  95. Tarjeta 95

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — how do you identify the likely next action?

    Respuesta

    Look for instructions, deadlines, and eligibility conditions. The expected action must fit all three when they are stated.

  96. Tarjeta 96

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — what makes an implied conclusion safe?

    Respuesta

    It follows from explicit facts in the message. Do not add campus rules or procedures that the speaker never mentions.

  97. Tarjeta 97

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — how should you handle numbers, dates, and room names?

    Respuesta

    Write them in short form as soon as you hear them. Exact logistical details are harder to reconstruct from memory than the main purpose.

  98. Tarjeta 98

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Announcement — what evidence should control your answer?

    Respuesta

    The speaker's actual message. Familiar campus routines may sound plausible, but they are not evidence unless the audio supports them.

  99. Tarjeta 99

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what kind of audio do you hear?

    Respuesta

    A short academic talk by a professor or expert. It is focused rather than a long lecture set.

  100. Tarjeta 100

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — do you need specialist knowledge of the subject?

    Respuesta

    No. ETS uses varied academic fields, but the information needed to answer comes from the talk itself.

  101. Tarjeta 101

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — which kinds of understanding does ETS target?

    Respuesta

    Main ideas, supporting details, organization, inferences, and sometimes uncommon or idiomatic vocabulary.

  102. Tarjeta 102

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you phrase the main idea in your notes?

    Respuesta

    Write the topic plus the professor's central point about it. A bare subject name does not capture the talk's direction.

  103. Tarjeta 103

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — which common structures should you listen for?

    Respuesta

    Comparison, cause and effect, a sequence, a definition with examples, or a problem with a solution. The structure shows how details connect.

  104. Tarjeta 104

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what do signposts such as first, however, and as a result reveal?

    Respuesta

    The relationship between ideas. They can mark sequence, contrast, or consequence before the content is complete.

  105. Tarjeta 105

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can you tell why the speaker gives an example?

    Respuesta

    Connect the example to the claim immediately before it. The example may illustrate, support, qualify, or challenge that point.

  106. Tarjeta 106

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what is an efficient comparison note?

    Respuesta

    Name both subjects and record one shared feature or key difference. Keep each feature aligned with the correct subject.

  107. Tarjeta 107

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what note symbol clarifies a causal chain?

    Respuesta

    Use arrows: cause → immediate effect → wider result. This preserves order when several consequences are discussed.

  108. Tarjeta 108

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you record a new term?

    Respuesta

    Write the term, a short definition, and one example if given. Keep the example attached to the concept it illustrates.

  109. Tarjeta 109

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what makes an inference stronger than a guess?

    Respuesta

    It combines the speaker's claim, supporting detail, and tone. A reasonable fact from outside the talk is still not enough.

  110. Tarjeta 110

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can context unlock an uncommon word?

    Respuesta

    Use the surrounding definition, contrast, example, or result. Infer the meaning needed in that sentence rather than a complete dictionary entry.

  111. Tarjeta 111

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how should you interpret an idiomatic phrase?

    Respuesta

    Read it through the speaker's point and tone, not word by word. The intended meaning must fit the surrounding explanation.

  112. Tarjeta 112

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — what note hierarchy keeps details useful?

    Respuesta

    Main idea → major point → evidence or example. Indentation helps you see which detail supports which claim.

  113. Tarjeta 113

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — why should you mark a correction or qualification?

    Respuesta

    It may replace or narrow an earlier statement. The revised idea, not the first rough version, is usually the one that matters.

  114. Tarjeta 114

    Pregunta

    Listen to an Academic Talk — how can the ending help you check your notes?

    Respuesta

    Use the closing summary or conclusion to confirm the central point. Update your main-idea note if the talk's direction became clearer.

  115. Tarjeta 115

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The seminar and end with at noon: the seminar / begins / at noon

    Respuesta

    The seminar begins at noon.

  116. Tarjeta 116

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The research team and end with its findings: has / the research team / published / its findings

    Respuesta

    The research team has published its findings.

  117. Tarjeta 117

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The field trip and end with heavy rain: was postponed / because of heavy rain / the field trip

    Respuesta

    The field trip was postponed because of heavy rain.

  118. Tarjeta 118

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with although: The course is demanding. It remains popular.

    Respuesta

    Although the course is demanding, it remains popular.

  119. Tarjeta 119

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: that opened last month / the café / hires student musicians

    Respuesta

    The café that opened last month hires student musicians.

  120. Tarjeta 120

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks as a question: the library / when / does / close

    Respuesta

    When does the library close?

  121. Tarjeta 121

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The bus and end with we arrived: had already left / when / we arrived / the bus

    Respuesta

    The bus had already left when we arrived.

  122. Tarjeta 122

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — combine the ideas with an infinitive of purpose: Lena visited the office. She wanted to replace her ID card.

    Respuesta

    Lena visited the office to replace her ID card.

  123. Tarjeta 123

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks. Start with The hikers and end with the path was icy: because / the path was icy / the hikers turned back

    Respuesta

    The hikers turned back because the path was icy.

  124. Tarjeta 124

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — complete the comparison: This route is ___ than the coastal road. Use short.

    Respuesta

    This route is shorter than the coastal road.

  125. Tarjeta 125

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — correct the agreement error: The list of required books are on the course page.

    Respuesta

    The list of required books is on the course page. The singular head noun list controls the verb.

  126. Tarjeta 126

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — correct the embedded question: Could you tell me where is the advising office?

    Respuesta

    Could you tell me where the advising office is? Embedded questions use statement word order.

  127. Tarjeta 127

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — the next day, report Ana's statement from the previous evening: I will send the file tonight.

    Respuesta

    Ana said that she would send the file that night.

  128. Tarjeta 128

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — complete the real conditional with will and a form of print: If the printer is available, I ___ the forms now.

    Respuesta

    If the printer is available, I will print the forms now.

  129. Tarjeta 129

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — choose the correct verb: There ___ several quiet rooms upstairs.

    Respuesta

    There are several quiet rooms upstairs.

  130. Tarjeta 130

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — fix the parallel structure: The workshop teaches students to plan projects, managing time, and how to present results.

    Respuesta

    The workshop teaches students to plan projects, manage time, and present results.

  131. Tarjeta 131

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — place often naturally: Students use the study rooms after class.

    Respuesta

    Students often use the study rooms after class.

  132. Tarjeta 132

    Pregunta

    Build a Sentence — reorder the chunks: did we notice / only after the lab closed / the missing key

    Respuesta

    Only after the lab closed did we notice the missing key.

  133. Tarjeta 133

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — you need an extension from an instructor. What tone fits?

    Respuesta

    Polite and direct. State the request clearly, give the relevant reason, and avoid either casual slang or exaggerated formality.

  134. Tarjeta 134

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — what should the opening establish first?

    Respuesta

    Why you are writing. Give the reader the purpose before supporting details.

  135. Tarjeta 135

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — make this request polite and specific: Send me the new schedule.

    Respuesta

    Could you please send me the updated schedule?

  136. Tarjeta 136

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — a classmate sent useful notes. What should a clear reply do before adding a question?

    Respuesta

    Acknowledge the help, then ask the question. This keeps the response connected to the message.

  137. Tarjeta 137

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — after making a request, what kind of reason is most useful?

    Respuesta

    A brief, relevant reason that helps the reader understand the request. Unrelated background weakens the message.

  138. Tarjeta 138

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — the study room is unavailable. What move turns the complaint into a solution?

    Respuesta

    Propose a practical alternative, such as moving the meeting to another room or time.

  139. Tarjeta 139

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — ask politely whether a workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.

    Respuesta

    Could you confirm whether the workshop begins at 9:00 a.m.?

  140. Tarjeta 140

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — what should you compare with the prompt before submitting?

    Respuesta

    Every requested content point, the audience, and the purpose. Make sure none has been skipped.

  141. Tarjeta 141

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — when two requested points are different, how can you make both easy to find?

    Respuesta

    Give each point its own clear sentence or short paragraph instead of burying both in one long sentence.

  142. Tarjeta 142

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — revise the vague sentence: It caused a problem, so I need it changed. The problem is a lab time that overlaps with a lecture.

    Respuesta

    The lab overlaps with my lecture, so I need to change my lab time.

  143. Tarjeta 143

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — which detail should you cut first during a quick clarity edit?

    Respuesta

    A detail that does not help the reader understand or act on the email's purpose.

  144. Tarjeta 144

    Pregunta

    Write an Email — what should a closing make clear?

    Respuesta

    The next step or the response you need, followed by a suitable sign-off.

  145. Tarjeta 145

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — what should your first sentence make clear?

    Respuesta

    Your position on the question. A direct claim gives the rest of the response a clear direction.

  146. Tarjeta 146

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — what should follow a position so it becomes an argument?

    Respuesta

    A relevant reason that explains why the position makes sense.

  147. Tarjeta 147

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — which support is stronger: This is better or a specific campus example?

    Respuesta

    A specific campus example. It shows how the reason works instead of repeating the claim.

  148. Tarjeta 148

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — how can you disagree with a classmate without sounding dismissive?

    Respuesta

    Acknowledge the classmate's point, then state the specific limit or alternative you see.

  149. Tarjeta 149

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — complete the concession frame: Although online courses offer flexibility, ...

    Respuesta

    Although online courses offer flexibility, some students learn better with regular face-to-face discussion.

  150. Tarjeta 150

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — a classmate gives an example but no broader lesson. What useful move can you add?

    Respuesta

    Explain what the example suggests about the discussion question. This extends the idea instead of restating it.

  151. Tarjeta 151

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — revise the overbroad claim: Group projects always teach every student leadership.

    Respuesta

    Group projects can teach leadership when students share responsibility for decisions and results.

  152. Tarjeta 152

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — why should you avoid everyone knows as support?

    Respuesta

    It treats an unsupported assumption as evidence. Give a reason or example that the reader can evaluate.

  153. Tarjeta 153

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — link this example to the claim: A later library closing time would help students. Many science labs finish at 9:00 p.m.

    Respuesta

    A later closing time would help because students leaving evening labs could still use the library.

  154. Tarjeta 154

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a contrast with the previous idea?

    Respuesta

    However introduces a contrasting point. The contrast itself must still be clear from the sentences.

  155. Tarjeta 155

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — replace the vague support: Technology helps students in many ways. Give one concrete mechanism.

    Respuesta

    Recorded lectures help students review an explanation they did not understand the first time.

  156. Tarjeta 156

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — correct the agreement error: Each of the proposals offer a different benefit.

    Respuesta

    Each of the proposals offers a different benefit.

  157. Tarjeta 157

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — fix the run-on sentence: Campus buses reduce traffic they also make commuting cheaper.

    Respuesta

    Campus buses reduce traffic, and they also make commuting cheaper.

  158. Tarjeta 158

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — which connector clearly introduces a result?

    Respuesta

    Therefore introduces a result or conclusion that follows from the previous idea.

  159. Tarjeta 159

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — what four items belong in a fast final check?

    Respuesta

    A clear position, a relevant reason, specific support, and sentences that connect logically.

  160. Tarjeta 160

    Pregunta

    Academic Discussion — why is a memorized paragraph a poor substitute for a flexible response plan?

    Respuesta

    It may not answer the actual question or connect to the discussion. Use a simple claim–reason–example plan and write for the prompt you receive.

  161. Tarjeta 161

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — how many items does the updated task contain?

    Respuesta

    Seven items. Together with four Take an Interview questions, they make the Speaking section's 11 items in about eight minutes.

  162. Tarjeta 162

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — what must you do with each sentence?

    Respuesta

    Repeat it exactly as you hear it. This is a reproduction task, so do not summarize or improve the wording.

  163. Tarjeta 163

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — which two qualities does the task directly measure?

    Respuesta

    Accuracy and clear intelligibility. Your speech should preserve the sentence and be easy for a proficient English speaker to understand.

  164. Tarjeta 164

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — how does difficulty progress within the task?

    Respuesta

    Sentences grow longer and more complex. They may move from one simple clause to dependent clauses, relative clauses, or complex noun phrases.

  165. Tarjeta 165

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — what is the most useful way to hold a longer sentence in memory?

    Respuesta

    Keep it in meaning chunks. Follow the sentence's phrases and clauses instead of trying to store an unbroken string of words.

  166. Tarjeta 166

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — what should you preserve besides the words?

    Respuesta

    The sentence's rhythm, stress, and intonation. These features divide meaning into clear spoken groups and support intelligibility.

  167. Tarjeta 167

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — which small language features are easy to lose?

    Respuesta

    Articles, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and word endings. Listen for these grammatical signals as carefully as the main content words.

  168. Tarjeta 168

    Pregunta

    Listen and Repeat — what should you do after a minor slip while speaking?

    Respuesta

    Continue smoothly with the sentence. A long restart can damage rhythm and cause you to lose more of the utterance.

  169. Tarjeta 169

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — how many questions are in the updated task?

    Respuesta

    Four questions. They follow the seven Listen and Repeat items in the 11-item Speaking section.

  170. Tarjeta 170

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what kind of interaction does the task simulate?

    Respuesta

    An interview related to an academic or campus situation. You respond directly to questions rather than giving a memorized speech.

  171. Tarjeta 171

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what kinds of content may you be asked to discuss?

    Respuesta

    Your experiences, preferences, and opinions. Questions can also invite descriptions, explanations, suggestions, predictions, or short narratives.

  172. Tarjeta 172

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — do you need specialized subject knowledge?

    Respuesta

    No. The scenarios use accessible academic or campus contexts so you can show your English, not prior expertise.

  173. Tarjeta 173

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what context appears before the questions?

    Respuesta

    A scenario introduction presented in audio and print. A schematic image, map, form, or speaker photo may also provide context.

  174. Tarjeta 174

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what should the first sentence of an answer do?

    Respuesta

    Answer the question directly. Give your choice, position, or main information before explaining it.

  175. Tarjeta 175

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what simple structure supports clear elaboration?

    Respuesta

    Answer → reason → concrete detail. This structure develops one point without turning the response into a list.

  176. Tarjeta 176

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — how can you make an opinion answer coherent?

    Respuesta

    State one position and support it consistently. A clear reason matters more than mentioning several weak or conflicting ideas.

  177. Tarjeta 177

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what makes a personal example useful?

    Respuesta

    It clearly supports your answer. Keep only the context, action, and result needed to show the connection.

  178. Tarjeta 178

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — how should you answer a suggestion or prediction question?

    Respuesta

    Give the suggestion or prediction first, then explain the likely result. Make the link between action and outcome explicit.

  179. Tarjeta 179

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — which delivery qualities matter across the responses?

    Respuesta

    Clear speech, a natural pace, intelligible pronunciation, and coherent elaboration. Suitable vocabulary and accurate grammar support the message.

  180. Tarjeta 180

    Pregunta

    Take an Interview — what should you do if you need a moment to plan?

    Respuesta

    Pause briefly, choose one main point, and begin. Long silence is less useful than a simple answer you can develop clearly.

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TOEFL iBT Flashcards: 12 Task Types, Vocabulary & Strategy

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